Psalms 139:9

Authorized King James Version

If I take the wings of the morning, and dwell in the uttermost parts of the sea;

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
אֶשָּׂ֥א
If I take
to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
#2
כַנְפֵי
the wings
an edge or extremity; specifically (of a bird or army) a wing, (of a garment or bedclothing) a flap, (of the earth) a quarter, (of a building) a pinna
#3
שָׁ֑חַר
of the morning
dawn (literal, figurative or adverbial)
#4
אֶ֝שְׁכְּנָ֗ה
and dwell
to reside or permanently stay (literally or figuratively)
#5
בְּאַחֲרִ֥ית
in the uttermost parts
the last or end, hence, the future; also posterity
#6
יָֽם׃
of the sea
a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the mediterranean sea; sometimes a large river, or an artif

Analysis

This verse develops the worship and praise theme central to Psalms. The concept of divine revelation reflects the proper human response to God's character and works. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to worship literature expressing the full range of human experience before God, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the monarchic period, particularly David's reign (c. 1000-970 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Israelite monarchy with its temple worship, court life, and constant military threats created the liturgical and emotional context for these prayers and praises. The ancient Israelite worship practices and court culture would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Temple archaeology and ancient musical instruments illuminate the liturgical context of Israelite worship.

Questions for Reflection