Psalms 135:10

Authorized King James Version

Who smote great nations, and slew mighty kings;

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
שֶֽׁ֭הִכָּה
Who smote
to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)
#2
גּוֹיִ֣ם
nations
a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
#3
רַבִּ֑ים
great
abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)
#4
וְ֝הָרַ֗ג
and slew
to smite with deadly intent
#5
מְלָכִ֥ים
kings
a king
#6
עֲצוּמִֽים׃
mighty
powerful (specifically, a paw); by implication, numerous

Analysis

The worship and praise theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing covenant community contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the Israelite monarchy with its court politics and military conflicts. The author writes to address worshipers in the temple and those seeking God in times of distress, making the emphasis on worship and praise particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection