Psalms 135:10
Who smote great nations, and slew mighty kings;
Original Language Analysis
שֶֽׁ֭הִכָּה
Who smote
H5221
שֶֽׁ֭הִכָּה
Who smote
Strong's:
H5221
Word #:
1 of 6
to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)
גּוֹיִ֣ם
nations
H1471
גּוֹיִ֣ם
nations
Strong's:
H1471
Word #:
2 of 6
a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
רַבִּ֑ים
great
H7227
רַבִּ֑ים
great
Strong's:
H7227
Word #:
3 of 6
abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)
Historical Context
Israel's conquest of Canaan faced opposition from established city-states, each with its own king and military. Ancient Near Eastern kings often claimed divine authority and protection from patron deities. Israel's victories demonstrated not merely military superiority but the supremacy of Yahweh over the gods of Canaan.
Questions for Reflection
- How does remembering God's past victories strengthen faith for present challenges?
- What "great nations" or obstacles has God helped you overcome?
Analysis & Commentary
The historical recital advances from exodus to conquest: 'Who smote great nations, and slew mighty kings.' The transition from Egypt to Canaan spans the wilderness wanderings implicitly. 'Great nations' (goyim rabbim) and 'mighty kings' (melachim atsumim) emphasize the formidable opposition Israel faced. The Hebrew 'atsumim' means numerous, powerful, mighty - these were not insignificant tribal chieftains but established rulers with armies. Yet God 'smote' and 'slew' them, using the same verb (nakah) applied to Egypt. The parallel construction reinforces God's consistent pattern: He defeats all who oppose His people and purposes. This encouraged later generations facing their own powerful enemies. The New Testament applies this principle spiritually - Christ has 'spoiled principalities and powers' (Colossians 2:15), defeating spiritual forces that oppose God's kingdom.