Psalms 12:4

Authorized King James Version

Who have said, With our tongue will we prevail; our lips are our own: who is lord over us?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
אֲשֶׁ֤ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#2
אָֽמְר֨וּ׀
Who have said
to say (used with great latitude)
#3
לִלְשֹׁנֵ֣נוּ
With our tongue
the tongue (of man or animals), used literally (as the instrument of licking, eating, or speech), and figuratively (speech, an ingot, a fork of flame,
#4
נַ֭גְבִּיר
will we prevail
to be strong; by implication, to prevail, act insolently
#5
שְׂפָתֵ֣ינוּ
our lips
the lip (as a natural boundary); by implication, language; by analogy, a margin (of a vessel, water, cloth, etc.)
#6
אִתָּ֑נוּ
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#7
מִ֖י
who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix
#8
אָד֣וֹן
are our own who is lord
sovereign, i.e., controller (human or divine)
#9
לָֽנוּ׃
H0

Analysis

Within the broader context of Psalms, this passage highlights worship and praise through rhetorical questioning that engages the reader. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Psalms.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of ancient Near Eastern poetry and hymnic literature for worship shapes this text's meaning. Israel's liturgical traditions developed through centuries of temple worship and personal devotion Understanding a worldview centered on covenant relationship between God and His people helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection