Psalms 118:22

Authorized King James Version

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The stone which the builders refused is become the head stone of the corner.

Original Language Analysis

אֶ֭בֶן The stone H68
אֶ֭בֶן The stone
Strong's: H68
Word #: 1 of 6
a stone
מָאֲס֣וּ refused H3988
מָאֲס֣וּ refused
Strong's: H3988
Word #: 2 of 6
to spurn; also (intransitively) to disappear
הַבּוֹנִ֑ים which the builders H1129
הַבּוֹנִ֑ים which the builders
Strong's: H1129
Word #: 3 of 6
to build (literally and figuratively)
הָ֝יְתָ֗ה H1961
הָ֝יְתָ֗ה
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 4 of 6
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
לְרֹ֣אשׁ is become the head H7218
לְרֹ֣אשׁ is become the head
Strong's: H7218
Word #: 5 of 6
the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)
פִּנָּֽה׃ stone of the corner H6438
פִּנָּֽה׃ stone of the corner
Strong's: H6438
Word #: 6 of 6
an angle; by implication, a pinnacle; figuratively, a chieftain

Analysis & Commentary

"The stone which the builders refused is become the head stone of the corner." This messianic verse uses construction imagery. Even ma'asu habonim (stone rejected by the builders) pictures builders examining stones, discarding one as unsuitable. Ma'as (refuse/reject/despise) indicates conscious rejection after examination. Haytah l'rosh pinah (became the head of corner) pictures this rejected stone becoming the cornerstone—the crucial stone determining building alignment, bearing weight, holding structure together. The paradox: what builders deemed worthless proved most essential. Jesus applied this to Himself (Matthew 21:42, Mark 12:10, Luke 20:17)—rejected by Jewish leaders yet chosen by God as foundation. Peter preaches this (Acts 4:11), and Paul develops the metaphor (Ephesians 2:20-22, 1 Peter 2:6-8). God's chosen Messiah was rejected by human authorities yet exalted as cornerstone of redemptive building.

Historical Context

Israel's leaders repeatedly rejected God's messengers—prophets were persecuted, true worshipers marginalized, righteous suffered while wicked prospered. David was rejected by Saul and opposed by Absalom. Yet God vindicated David, establishing his throne. The ultimate fulfillment came in Jesus—rejected by chief priests, scribes, Pharisees, Herodians, and Sadducees, handed over to Romans for crucifixion. Yet God raised Him, exalting Him to highest place (Philippians 2:9-11). Early church experienced similar pattern—rejected by synagogue authorities yet chosen by God for gospel proclamation. Church history shows God's pattern: what religious/political establishments reject, God often vindicates.

Questions for Reflection