Psalms 107:23

Authorized King James Version

They that go down to the sea in ships, that do business in great waters;

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
יוֹרְדֵ֣י
They that go down
to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); cau
#2
הַ֭יָּם
to the sea
a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the mediterranean sea; sometimes a large river, or an artif
#3
בָּאֳנִיּ֑וֹת
in ships
a ship
#4
עֹשֵׂ֥י
that do
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
#5
מְ֝לָאכָ֗ה
business
properly, deputyship, i.e., ministry; generally, employment (never servile) or work (abstractly or concretely); also property (as the result of labor)
#6
בְּמַ֣יִם
waters
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
#7
רַבִּֽים׃
in great
abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)

Analysis

The worship and praise theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

The historical context of the monarchic period, particularly David's reign (c. 1000-970 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Israelite monarchy with its temple worship, court life, and constant military threats created the liturgical and emotional context for these prayers and praises. The ancient Israelite worship practices and court culture would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Temple archaeology and ancient musical instruments illuminate the liturgical context of Israelite worship.

Questions for Reflection