Psalms 107:23

Authorized King James Version

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They that go down to the sea in ships, that do business in great waters;

Original Language Analysis

יוֹרְדֵ֣י They that go down H3381
יוֹרְדֵ֣י They that go down
Strong's: H3381
Word #: 1 of 7
to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); cau
הַ֭יָּם to the sea H3220
הַ֭יָּם to the sea
Strong's: H3220
Word #: 2 of 7
a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the mediterranean sea; sometimes a large river, or an artif
בָּאֳנִיּ֑וֹת in ships H591
בָּאֳנִיּ֑וֹת in ships
Strong's: H591
Word #: 3 of 7
a ship
עֹשֵׂ֥י that do H6213
עֹשֵׂ֥י that do
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 4 of 7
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
מְ֝לָאכָ֗ה business H4399
מְ֝לָאכָ֗ה business
Strong's: H4399
Word #: 5 of 7
properly, deputyship, i.e., ministry; generally, employment (never servile) or work (abstractly or concretely); also property (as the result of labor)
בְּמַ֣יִם waters H4325
בְּמַ֣יִם waters
Strong's: H4325
Word #: 6 of 7
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
רַבִּֽים׃ in great H7227
רַבִּֽים׃ in great
Strong's: H7227
Word #: 7 of 7
abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)

Analysis & Commentary

This verse begins the fourth rescue scenario: deliverance from storm at sea. 'They that go down to the sea in ships' describes mariners. 'That do business in great waters' uses melakah (מְלָאכָה), meaning work, business, or occupation. These are professional sailors conducting commerce on the ocean. This scenario differs from the previous three (wandering, imprisonment, sickness) by describing ordinary occupation meeting extraordinary peril. It teaches that even legitimate work can bring us to circumstances requiring God's intervention. God's sovereignty extends over natural forces and commercial endeavors.

Historical Context

Ancient Israel wasn't primarily a seafaring nation (that was Phoenicia's role), but maritime trade occurred through ports like Joppa. Solomon's fleet sailed from Ezion-geber (1 Kings 9:26-28). Jonah's ship encountered God-sent storm (Jonah 1). By post-exilic period, Jewish diaspora included maritime traders. The imagery would resonate with international commerce experience. For Christians, Jesus calming the storm (Mark 4:35-41) fulfills this deliverance pattern.

Questions for Reflection