Psalms 106:19

Authorized King James Version

They made a calf in Horeb, and worshipped the molten image.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
יַעֲשׂוּ
They made
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
#2
עֵ֥גֶל
a calf
a (male) calf (as frisking round), especially one nearly grown (i.e., a steer)
#3
בְּחֹרֵ֑ב
in Horeb
choreb, a (generic) name for the sinaitic mountains
#4
וַ֝יִּשְׁתַּחֲו֗וּ
and worshipped
to depress, i.e., prostrate (especially reflexive, in homage to royalty or god)
#5
לְמַסֵּכָֽה׃
the molten image
properly, a pouring over, i.e., fusion of metal (especially a cast image); by implication, a libation, i.e., league; concretely a coverlet (as if pour

Analysis

Within the broader context of Psalms, this passage highlights worship and praise through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Psalms.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the Israelite monarchy with its court politics and military conflicts. The author writes to address worshipers in the temple and those seeking God in times of distress, making the emphasis on worship and praise particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection