Proverbs 27:17

Authorized King James Version

Iron sharpeneth iron; so a man sharpeneth the countenance of his friend.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
בְּבַרְזֶ֣ל
Iron
iron (as cutting); by extension, an iron implement
#2
בְּבַרְזֶ֣ל
Iron
iron (as cutting); by extension, an iron implement
#3
יַ֣חַד
sharpeneth
to be (causatively, make) sharp or (figuratively) severe
#4
וְ֝אִ֗ישׁ
so a man
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
#5
יַ֣חַד
sharpeneth
to be (causatively, make) sharp or (figuratively) severe
#6
פְּנֵֽי
the countenance
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#7
רֵעֵֽהוּ׃
of his friend
an associate (more or less close)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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