Proverbs 17:25

Authorized King James Version

PDF

A foolish son is a grief to his father, and bitterness to her that bare him.

Original Language Analysis

כַּ֣עַס is a grief H3708
כַּ֣עַס is a grief
Strong's: H3708
Word #: 1 of 6
vexation
לְ֭אָבִיו to his father H1
לְ֭אָבִיו to his father
Strong's: H1
Word #: 2 of 6
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
בֵּ֣ן son H1121
בֵּ֣ן son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 3 of 6
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
כְּסִ֑יל A foolish H3684
כְּסִ֑יל A foolish
Strong's: H3684
Word #: 4 of 6
properly, fat, i.e., (figuratively) stupid or silly
וּ֝מֶ֗מֶר and bitterness H4470
וּ֝מֶ֗מֶר and bitterness
Strong's: H4470
Word #: 5 of 6
sorrow
לְיוֹלַדְתּֽוֹ׃ to her that bare H3205
לְיוֹלַדְתּֽוֹ׃ to her that bare
Strong's: H3205
Word #: 6 of 6
to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage

Analysis & Commentary

A foolish son is a grief to his father, and bitterness to her that bare him. This proverb echoes earlier ones (10:1, 15:20, 17:21), emphasizing parental heartbreak over foolish children. Ka'as le'aviv (כַּעַס לְאָבִיו, vexation to his father)—ka'as means grief, sorrow, vexation. Umemer leyoladto (וּמֶמֶר לְיֹלַדְתּוֹ, and bitterness to her who bore him)—memer describes bitter sorrow. Mothers who bore children in pain experience bitter grief when those children choose folly. The repeated emphasis shows how seriously Proverbs takes this issue. Parents should teach diligently; children should pursue wisdom to honor parents and God.

Historical Context

Childbearing in ancient times carried significant mortality risk. Mothers invested physical suffering, years of nurture, hopes and dreams into children. When those children pursued folly, it brought bitter grief. Biblical examples include Rebekah's grief over Esau's wives (Genesis 26:34-35), Isaac and Rebekah's heartbreak over Jacob and Esau's conflict, Eli's anguish over his sons (1 Samuel 2:12-17). The proverb urged children toward wisdom that honors sacrificial parental love.

Questions for Reflection