Numbers 31:39

Authorized King James Version

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And the asses were thirty thousand and five hundred; of which the LORD'S tribute was threescore and one.

Original Language Analysis

וַֽחֲמֹרִ֕ים And the asses H2543
וַֽחֲמֹרִ֕ים And the asses
Strong's: H2543
Word #: 1 of 9
a male ass (from its dun red)
שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים were thirty H7970
שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים were thirty
Strong's: H7970
Word #: 2 of 9
thirty; or (ordinal) thirtieth
אֶ֖לֶף thousand H505
אֶ֖לֶף thousand
Strong's: H505
Word #: 3 of 9
hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as a numeral) a thousand
וַֽחֲמֵ֣שׁ and five H2568
וַֽחֲמֵ֣שׁ and five
Strong's: H2568
Word #: 4 of 9
five
מֵא֑וֹת hundred H3967
מֵא֑וֹת hundred
Strong's: H3967
Word #: 5 of 9
a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction
וּמִכְסָ֥ם tribute H4371
וּמִכְסָ֥ם tribute
Strong's: H4371
Word #: 6 of 9
an assessment (as based upon a census)
לַֽיהוָ֖ה of which the LORD'S H3068
לַֽיהוָ֖ה of which the LORD'S
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 7 of 9
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
אֶחָ֥ד and one H259
אֶחָ֥ד and one
Strong's: H259
Word #: 8 of 9
properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first
וְשִׁשִּֽׁים׃ was threescore H8346
וְשִׁשִּֽׁים׃ was threescore
Strong's: H8346
Word #: 9 of 9
sixty

Analysis & Commentary

And the asses were thirty thousand and five hundred; of which the LORD'S tribute was threescore and one—The Hebrew chamor (חֲמוֹר, 'donkey/ass') designated essential beasts of burden in Israel's economy. Unlike horses associated with warfare and Egyptian oppression, donkeys represented humble transport and agricultural work. The 61 animals consecrated to God underscore that even mundane resources belong to Him.

Nothing is too common for God's claim. The same donkey species carried Mary to Bethlehem and bore Christ into Jerusalem (Matthew 21:5), demonstrating God's sovereign use of humble instruments for His glory.

Historical Context

Donkeys were more valuable than horses in ancient Israel's terrain and economy. They transported goods, plowed fields, and provided reliable transport. The large number captured (30,500) reveals Midian operated extensive trade networks—fitting for descendants of Abraham's Keturah (Genesis 25:2).

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