Numbers 10:24

Authorized King James Version

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And over the host of the tribe of the children of Benjamin was Abidan the son of Gideoni.

Original Language Analysis

וְעַ֨ל H5921
וְעַ֨ל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 1 of 8
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
צְבָ֔א And over the host H6635
צְבָ֔א And over the host
Strong's: H6635
Word #: 2 of 8
a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (speci
מַטֵּ֖ה of the tribe H4294
מַטֵּ֖ה of the tribe
Strong's: H4294
Word #: 3 of 8
a branch (as extending); figuratively, a tribe; also a rod, whether for chastising (figuratively, correction), ruling (a sceptre), throwing (a lance),
בֶּן of the children H1121
בֶּן of the children
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 4 of 8
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
בִנְיָמִ֑ן of Benjamin H1144
בִנְיָמִ֑ן of Benjamin
Strong's: H1144
Word #: 5 of 8
binjamin, youngest son of jacob; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory
אֲבִידָ֖ן was Abidan H27
אֲבִידָ֖ן was Abidan
Strong's: H27
Word #: 6 of 8
abidan, an israelite
בֶּן of the children H1121
בֶּן of the children
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 7 of 8
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
גִּדְעוֹנִֽי׃ of Gideoni H1441
גִּדְעוֹנִֽי׃ of Gideoni
Strong's: H1441
Word #: 8 of 8
gidoni, an israelite

Analysis & Commentary

Over the host of the tribe of the children of Benjamin was Abidan the son of Gideoni. Benjamin completed Ephraim's western division under Abidan (אֲבִידָן, "my father is judge"). Benjamin, Rachel's youngest son and Jacob's beloved, received a fierce blessing: "Benjamin shall ravin as a wolf: in the morning he shall devour the prey, and at night he shall divide the spoil" (Genesis 49:27). This prophecy of military prowess was fulfilled in warriors like Ehud (Judges 3:15) and King Saul, and in Benjamin's reputation for skilled left-handed slingers (Judges 20:16).

Benjamin marched with their brother-tribe Ephraim—both sons of Rachel, both receiving special paternal affection. Yet Benjamin's march position (completing the division) reflected their smaller size (35,400 warriors, Numbers 1:37). The name Benjamin means "son of my right hand," reflecting Jacob's renaming of Rachel's dying words "Ben-oni" ("son of my sorrow," Genesis 35:18). From sorrow to strength, from death to dignity—Benjamin's very name testified to redemptive transformation.

Historical Context

Abidan served as Benjamin's census representative (Numbers 1:11) and brought offerings at the dedication (Numbers 7:60-65). Benjamin's territory, though small, held strategic importance—Jerusalem sat on the Benjamin-Judah border (Joshua 18:28), making Benjamin the tribe hosting Israel's future capital. Benjamin's later civil war (Judges 19-21) nearly destroyed the tribe, reducing them to 600 survivors. Yet they recovered and remained loyal to Judah when the kingdom divided (1 Kings 12:21). The Apostle Paul identified as a Benjamite (Philippians 3:5), connecting Christ's gospel to the tribe whose name meant transformation from sorrow to strength.

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