Numbers 10:23

Authorized King James Version

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And over the host of the tribe of the children of Manasseh was Gamaliel the son of Pedahzur.

Original Language Analysis

וְעַ֨ל H5921
וְעַ֨ל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 1 of 8
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
צְבָ֔א And over the host H6635
צְבָ֔א And over the host
Strong's: H6635
Word #: 2 of 8
a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (speci
מַטֵּ֖ה of the tribe H4294
מַטֵּ֖ה of the tribe
Strong's: H4294
Word #: 3 of 8
a branch (as extending); figuratively, a tribe; also a rod, whether for chastising (figuratively, correction), ruling (a sceptre), throwing (a lance),
בֶּן of the children H1121
בֶּן of the children
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 4 of 8
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
מְנַשֶּׁ֑ה of Manasseh H4519
מְנַשֶּׁ֑ה of Manasseh
Strong's: H4519
Word #: 5 of 8
menashsheh, a grandson of jacob, also the tribe descended from him, and its territory
גַּמְלִיאֵ֖ל was Gamaliel H1583
גַּמְלִיאֵ֖ל was Gamaliel
Strong's: H1583
Word #: 6 of 8
gamliel, an israelite
בֶּן of the children H1121
בֶּן of the children
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 7 of 8
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
פְּדָהצֽוּר׃ of Pedahzur H6301
פְּדָהצֽוּר׃ of Pedahzur
Strong's: H6301
Word #: 8 of 8
pedahtsur, an israelite

Analysis & Commentary

Over the host of the tribe of the children of Manasseh was Gamaliel the son of Pedahzur. Manasseh, Joseph's firstborn, marched with Ephraim's division under Gamaliel (גַּמְלִיאֵל, "God is my reward"). Though Manasseh was Jacob's firstborn grandson through Joseph, he received the lesser blessing when Jacob crossed his hands, placing his right hand on Ephraim (Genesis 48:14). Yet Manasseh wasn't rejected—merely positioned differently in God's purposes. His name means "causing to forget," reflecting Joseph's testimony: "God has made me forget all my toil" (Genesis 41:51).

Gamaliel led 32,200 warriors (Numbers 1:35), making Manasseh the smallest of Joseph's tribes at this census (though they would grow substantially by the second census to 52,700, Numbers 26:34). The tribe's later division—half settling east of Jordan, half in Canaan proper—made Manasseh unique in straddling the Jordan River, connecting the Transjordan tribes to western Israel.

Historical Context

Gamaliel served as Manasseh's census representative (Numbers 1:10) and brought offerings at the dedication (Numbers 7:54-59). Manasseh's eventual territorial holdings became the largest of any tribe, stretching from the Jordan Valley to the Mediterranean coast in western Manasseh, and controlling Gilead and Bashan in eastern Manasseh. Notable Manassites include Gideon (Judges 6:15), Jephthah (Judges 11:1), and Jair (Judges 10:3). The tribe's divided settlement (Numbers 32:33-42, Joshua 17:1-13) created both opportunities (extensive land) and challenges (difficult unity). Manasseh's history illustrates that God's "lesser" blessing is still abundant blessing—being second to Ephraim didn't diminish Manasseh's significance in redemptive history.

Questions for Reflection

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