Nehemiah 13:2

Authorized King James Version

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Because they met not the children of Israel with bread and with water, but hired Balaam against them, that he should curse them: howbeit our God turned the curse into a blessing.

Original Language Analysis

כִּ֣י H3588
כִּ֣י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 1 of 17
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
לֹ֧א H3808
לֹ֧א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 2 of 17
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
קִדְּמ֛וּ Because they met H6923
קִדְּמ֛וּ Because they met
Strong's: H6923
Word #: 3 of 17
to project (one self), i.e., precede; hence, to anticipate, hasten, meet (usually for help)
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 4 of 17
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
בְּנֵ֥י not the children H1121
בְּנֵ֥י not the children
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 5 of 17
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל of Israel H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל of Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 6 of 17
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
בַּלֶּ֣חֶם with bread H3899
בַּלֶּ֣חֶם with bread
Strong's: H3899
Word #: 7 of 17
food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)
וּבַמָּ֑יִם and with water H4325
וּבַמָּ֑יִם and with water
Strong's: H4325
Word #: 8 of 17
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
וַיִּשְׂכֹּ֨ר but hired H7936
וַיִּשְׂכֹּ֨ר but hired
Strong's: H7936
Word #: 9 of 17
to hire
עָלָ֤יו H5921
עָלָ֤יו
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 10 of 17
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 11 of 17
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
בִּלְעָם֙ Balaam H1109
בִּלְעָם֙ Balaam
Strong's: H1109
Word #: 12 of 17
bilam, a place in palestine
לְקַֽלְל֔וֹ against them that he should curse H7043
לְקַֽלְל֔וֹ against them that he should curse
Strong's: H7043
Word #: 13 of 17
to be (causatively, make) light, literally (swift, small, sharp, etc.) or figuratively (easy, trifling, vile, etc.)
וַיַּֽהֲפֹ֧ךְ turned H2015
וַיַּֽהֲפֹ֧ךְ turned
Strong's: H2015
Word #: 14 of 17
to turn about or over; by implication, to change, overturn, return, pervert
אֱלֹהֵ֛ינוּ them howbeit our God H430
אֱלֹהֵ֛ינוּ them howbeit our God
Strong's: H430
Word #: 15 of 17
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
הַקְּלָלָ֖ה the curse H7045
הַקְּלָלָ֖ה the curse
Strong's: H7045
Word #: 16 of 17
vilification
לִבְרָכָֽה׃ into a blessing H1293
לִבְרָכָֽה׃ into a blessing
Strong's: H1293
Word #: 17 of 17
benediction; by implication prosperity

Analysis & Commentary

Because they met not the children of Israel with bread and with water, but hired Balaam against them, that he should curse them: howbeit our God turned the curse into a blessing.

This verse within Nehemiah 13 addresses themes of reform, confronting compromise, vigilance, finishing well. Nehemiah's return from Persia reveals backsliding, requiring renewed reforms in areas previously addressed—showing constant vigilance's necessity. This passage demonstrates biblical principles applicable across both testaments—God's sovereignty combined with human responsibility, faith expressed through obedient action, and the necessity of both individual and corporate commitment to covenant faithfulness. Nehemiah models leadership that combines vision, prayer, courage, integrity, and perseverance amid sustained opposition.

Historical Context

Nehemiah's account occurs during Persian imperial dominance (539-331 BC), specifically 445-433 BC under Artaxerxes I. Nehemiah's final reforms address recurring covenant violations, demonstrating the ongoing challenge of maintaining spiritual commitment across generations. The Persian period was crucial transitional time when Jewish identity shifted from monarchical nationalism to Torah-centered covenantal community. Without political independence, the people's cohesion depended on shared scripture, temple worship, and covenant obedience. This established patterns persisting through the Second Temple period into New Testament times. Understanding this context illuminates Jesus's ministry among a people shaped by these reforms and challenges.

Questions for Reflection