Nehemiah 12:38

Authorized King James Version

And the other company of them that gave thanks went over against them, and I after them, and the half of the people upon the wall, from beyond the tower of the furnaces even unto the broad wall;

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְהַתּוֹדָ֧ה
company of them that gave thanks
properly, an extension of the hand, i.e., (by implication) avowal, or (usually) adoration; specifically, a choir of worshippers
#2
הַשֵּׁנִ֛ית
And the other
properly, double, i.e., second; also adverbially, again
#3
הַֽהוֹלֶ֥כֶת
went
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#4
לְמ֖וֹאל
over against
properly, abrupt, i.e., a precipice; by implication, the front; used only adverbially (with prepositional prefix) opposite
#5
וַֽאֲנִ֣י
i
#6
אַֽחֲרֶ֑יהָ
them and I after
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
#7
וַֽחֲצִ֨י
them and the half
the half or middle
#8
הָעָ֜ם
of the people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#9
מֵעַ֣ל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#10
הַֽחוֹמָ֥ה
upon the wall
a wall of protection
#11
מֵעַל֙
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#12
לְמִגְדַּ֣ל
from beyond the tower
a tower (from its size or height); by analogy, a rostrum; figuratively, a (pyramidal) bed of flowers
#13
הַתַּנּוּרִ֔ים
of the furnaces
a fire-pot
#14
וְעַ֖ד
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
#15
הַֽחוֹמָ֥ה
upon the wall
a wall of protection
#16
הָֽרְחָבָֽה׃
even unto the broad
roomy, in any (or every) direction, literally or figuratively

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Nehemiah. The concept of covenant community reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection