Matthew 6:18

Authorized King James Version

That thou appear not unto men to fast, but unto thy Father which is in secret: and thy Father, which seeth in secret, shall reward thee openly.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ὅπως
That
what(-ever) how, i.e., in the manner that (as adverb or conjunction of coincidence, intentional or actual)
#2
μὴ
not
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
#3
φανῇς
thou appear
to lighten (shine), i.e., show (transitive or intransitive, literal or figurative)
#4
τῷ
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#5
ἀνθρώποις
unto men
man-faced, i.e., a human being
#6
νηστεύων
to fast
to abstain from food (religiously)
#7
ἀλλὰ
but
properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
#8
τῷ
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#9
πατήρ
Father
a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)
#10
σου
thy
of thee, thy
#11
τῷ
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
ἐν
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#13
τῷ
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#14
κρυπτῷ
secret
concealed, i.e., private
#15
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#16
τῷ
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#17
πατήρ
Father
a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)
#18
σου
thy
of thee, thy
#19
τῷ
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#20
βλέπων
seeth
to look at (literally or figuratively)
#21
ἐν
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#22
τῷ
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#23
κρυπτῷ
secret
concealed, i.e., private
#24
ἀποδώσει
shall reward
to give away, i.e., up, over, back, etc. (in various applications)
#25
σοι
thee
to thee
#26
ἐν
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#27
τῷ
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#28
φανερῷ
shining, i.e., apparent (literally or figuratively); neuter (as adverb) publicly, externally

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The first-century Palestinian Jewish culture under Roman occupation would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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