Matthew 20:24
And when the ten heard it, they were moved with indignation against the two brethren.
Original Language Analysis
Καὶ
And
G2532
Καὶ
And
Strong's:
G2532
Word #:
1 of 9
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
οἱ
G3588
οἱ
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
3 of 9
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
ἠγανάκτησαν
it they were moved with indignation
G23
ἠγανάκτησαν
it they were moved with indignation
Strong's:
G23
Word #:
5 of 9
to be greatly afflicted, i.e., (figuratively) indignant
περὶ
against
G4012
περὶ
against
Strong's:
G4012
Word #:
6 of 9
properly, through (all over), i.e., around; figuratively with respect to; used in various applications, of place, cause or time (with the genitive cas
Historical Context
The disciples' political ambition reflected common first-century Jewish expectations. Messianic movements typically promised positions of power when the kingdom was established. The Zealot party sought to overthrow Rome militarily; the Essenes expected an apocalyptic victory; Pharisees anticipated national restoration. All twelve disciples, including Judas, expected Jesus to establish an earthly kingdom, making their indignation understandable though misguided.
Questions for Reflection
- Why were the ten disciples angry—because James and John were wrong to ask, or because they asked first?
- How does competitive ambition within Christian community contradict the gospel of grace?
- What does the disciples' collective failure immediately after Jesus's passion prediction reveal about the human capacity for self-deception?
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Analysis & Commentary
And when the ten heard it, they were moved with indignation (ἠγανάκτησαν)—The verb ēganaktēsan (were indignant) reveals intense displeasure, not righteous anger at James and John's presumption, but competitive jealousy. The ten were angry because they wanted the same privileged positions. Against the two brethren (περὶ τῶν δύο ἀδελφῶν)—The description adelphōn (brothers) underscores the tragedy: covenant siblings fighting over status.
Immediately after Jesus's third passion prediction and His teaching on suffering service, all twelve disciples—not just James and John—demonstrate complete failure to grasp His kingdom ethics. Their competitive spirit contradicts everything Jesus has taught about humility (Matthew 18:1-4), servanthood (Matthew 20:26-28), and the last being first (Matthew 19:30). The disciples' carnal ambition necessitates Jesus's definitive teaching on servant leadership in verses 25-28.