Mark 15:18

Authorized King James Version

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And began to salute him, Hail, King of the Jews!

Original Language Analysis

καὶ And G2532
καὶ And
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 1 of 8
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
ἤρξαντο began G756
ἤρξαντο began
Strong's: G756
Word #: 2 of 8
to commence (in order of time)
ἀσπάζεσθαι to salute G782
ἀσπάζεσθαι to salute
Strong's: G782
Word #: 3 of 8
to enfold in the arms, i.e., (by implication) to salute, (figuratively) to welcome
αὐτόν him G846
αὐτόν him
Strong's: G846
Word #: 4 of 8
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
Χαῖρε Hail G5463
Χαῖρε Hail
Strong's: G5463
Word #: 5 of 8
to be "cheer"ful, i.e., calmly happy or well-off; impersonally, especially as salutation (on meeting or parting), be well
βασιλεῦ King G935
βασιλεῦ King
Strong's: G935
Word #: 6 of 8
a sovereign (abstractly, relatively, or figuratively)
τῶν G3588
τῶν
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 7 of 8
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
Ἰουδαίων· of the Jews G2453
Ἰουδαίων· of the Jews
Strong's: G2453
Word #: 8 of 8
judaean, i.e., belonging to jehudah

Analysis & Commentary

Hail, King of the Jews! (Χαῖρε, ὁ βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων)—The greeting chaire (χαῖρε, 'hail' or 'rejoice') was the standard Roman imperial salutation, identical to Ave Caesar. Mark's terse narrative captures the soldiers' savage parody: they mimicked the formal court protocol for greeting Roman emperors, transforming worship into weaponized ridicule.

Theological irony saturates this verse. The soldiers' mockery inadvertently proclaimed the exact truth: Jesus IS the King of the Jews—and infinitely more, the King of Kings. Their theatrical 'worship' foreshadows Philippians 2:10-11, where genuine knee-bending confession will be universal. Satan's kingdom mocked Christ; God's kingdom will vindicate Him.

Historical Context

Roman emperors received elaborate ritualized greetings involving genuflection, acclamation, and titles like Imperator and Dominus et Deus. The soldiers' performance satirized both Jewish messianic hopes and Jesus' Sanhedrin trial claims. To Roman soldiers, Jewish messianic movements represented provincial rebellion deserving contempt—dozens of 'messiahs' had been crucified in living memory.

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