Mark 12:4

Authorized King James Version

And again he sent unto them another servant; and at him they cast stones, and wounded him in the head, and sent him away shamefully handled.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#2
πάλιν
again
(adverbially) anew, i.e., (of place) back, (of time) once more, or (conjunctionally) furthermore or on the other hand
#3
ἀπέστειλαν
he sent
set apart, i.e., (by implication) to send out (properly, on a mission) literally or figuratively
#4
πρὸς
unto
a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,
#5
αὐτοὺς
them
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#6
ἄλλον
another
"else," i.e., different (in many applications)
#7
δοῦλον·
servant
a slave (literal or figurative, involuntary or voluntary; frequently, therefore in a qualified sense of subjection or subserviency)
#8
κἀκεῖνον
and at him
likewise that (or those)
#9
λιθοβολήσαντες
they cast stones
to throw stones, i.e., lapidate
#10
ἐκεφαλαίωσαν
and wounded him in the head
(specially) to strike on the head
#11
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#12
ἀπέστειλαν
he sent
set apart, i.e., (by implication) to send out (properly, on a mission) literally or figuratively
#13
ἠτίμωμένον
shamefully handled
used like g0818, to maltreat

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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