Mark 12:20

Authorized King James Version

Now there were seven brethren: and the first took a wife, and dying left no seed.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ἑπτὰ
seven
seven
#2
ἀδελφοὶ
G80
brethren
a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (much like g0001)
#3
ἦσαν·
Now there were
i (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)
#4
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#5
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#6
πρῶτος
the first
foremost (in time, place, order or importance)
#7
ἔλαβεν
took
while g0138 is more violent, to seize or remove))
#8
γυναῖκα
a wife
a woman; specially, a wife
#9
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#10
ἀποθνῄσκων
dying
to die off (literally or figuratively)
#11
οὐκ
no
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#12
ἀφῆκεν
left
to send forth, in various applications (as follow)
#13
σπέρμα·
seed
something sown, i.e., seed (including the male "sperm"); by implication, offspring; specially, a remnant (figuratively, as if kept over for planting)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Mark Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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