Luke 3:32
Which was the son of Jesse, which was the son of Obed, which was the son of Booz, which was the son of Salmon, which was the son of Naasson,
Original Language Analysis
τοῦ
G3588
τοῦ
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
1 of 10
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
Ἰεσσαὶ
Which was the son of Jesse
G2421
Ἰεσσαὶ
Which was the son of Jesse
Strong's:
G2421
Word #:
2 of 10
jessae (i.e., jishai), an israelite
τοῦ
G3588
τοῦ
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
3 of 10
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
τοῦ
G3588
τοῦ
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
5 of 10
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
τοῦ
G3588
τοῦ
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
7 of 10
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
Historical Context
The book of Ruth occurs during the judges period (circa 1100 BC), a time of spiritual apostasy and political chaos in Israel. Yet God was working through an impoverished widow from a pagan nation to preserve the messianic line—illustrating His sovereignty over human chaos and redemptive inclusion of faith-filled outsiders.
Questions for Reflection
- How does the inclusion of Ruth and Rahab in Jesus's genealogy challenge ethnic pride and cultural exclusivism in the church?
- What does Ruth's redemption and inclusion in Messiah's lineage teach about God's grace toward 'outsiders' who come in faith?
- How should the presence of Gentile women in Jesus's ancestry shape your understanding of the church's mission to all nations?
Related Resources
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Analysis & Commentary
Which was the son of Jesse, which was the son of Obed, which was the son of Booz—The genealogy now enters Ruth's account: Boaz (Βοόζ, Booz) married Ruth the Moabitess, producing Obed (Ὠβήδ), grandfather of David. This inclusion of a Gentile woman in Messiah's lineage anticipates Luke's universal emphasis—Jesus came as Savior of all nations, not Jews only.
Salmon married Rahab the Canaanite (Matthew 1:5), another Gentile woman in Jesus's ancestry. These foreign women—both redeemed through faith and covenant inclusion—preview the gospel's breaking down of ethnic barriers. The Greek text emphasizes legitimate sonship (huios) despite non-Jewish ancestry, demonstrating that covenant faith, not ethnic purity, determines standing in God's kingdom.