Luke 19:43

Authorized King James Version

For the days shall come upon thee, that thine enemies shall cast a trench about thee, and compass thee round, and keep thee in on every side,

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ὅτι
G3754
For
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#2
ἥξουσιν
G2240
shall come
to arrive, i.e., be present (literally or figuratively)
#3
ἡμέραι
G2250
the days
day, i.e., (literally) the time space between dawn and dark, or the whole 24 hours (but several days were usually reckoned by the jews as inclusive of
#4
ἐπὶ
G1909
upon
properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re
#5
σε
G4571
thee
thee
#6
καὶ
G2532
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#7
περιβαλοῦσιν
G4016
about
to throw all around, i.e., invest (with a palisade or with clothing)
#8
οἱ
G3588
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#9
ἐχθροί
G2190
enemies
hateful (passively, odious, or actively, hostile); usually as a noun, an adversary (especially satan)
#10
σου
G4675
thine
of thee, thy
#11
χάρακά
G5482
a trench
a stake, i.e., (by implication) a palisade or rampart (military mound for circumvallation in a siege)
#12
σοι
G4671
thee
to thee
#13
καὶ
G2532
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#14
περικυκλώσουσίν
G4033
compass
to encircle all around, i.e., blockade completely
#15
σε
G4571
thee
thee
#16
καὶ
G2532
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#17
συνέξουσίν
G4912
in
to hold together, i.e., to compress (the ears, with a crowd or siege) or arrest (a prisoner); figuratively, to compel, perplex, afflict, preoccupy
#18
σε
G4571
thee
thee
#19
πάντοθεν
G3840
on every side
from (i.e., on) all sides

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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