Lamentations 4:17

Authorized King James Version

As for us, our eyes as yet failed for our vain help: in our watching we have watched for a nation that could not save us.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
עוֹדֵ֙ינהּ֙
properly, iteration or continuance; used only adverbially (with or without preposition), again, repeatedly, still, more
#2
תִּכְלֶ֣ינָה
as yet failed
to end, whether intransitive (to cease, be finished, perish) or transitive (to complete, prepare, consume)
#3
עֵינֵ֔ינוּ
As for us our eyes
an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
#4
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#5
עֶזְרָתֵ֖נוּ
help
aid
#6
הָ֑בֶל
for our vain
emptiness or vanity; figuratively, something transitory and unsatisfactory; often used as an adverb
#7
בְּצִפִּיָּתֵ֣נוּ
in our watching
watchfulness
#8
צִפִּ֔ינוּ
we have watched
properly, to lean forward, i.e., to peer into the distance; by implication, to observe, await
#9
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#10
גּ֖וֹי
for a nation
a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
#11
לֹ֥א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#12
יוֹשִֽׁעַ׃
that could not save
properly, to be open, wide or free, i.e., (by implication) to be safe; causatively, to free or succor

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing covenant community contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood covenant community. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection