Judges 18:13

Authorized King James Version

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And they passed thence unto mount Ephraim, and came unto the house of Micah.

Original Language Analysis

וַיַּֽעַבְר֥וּ And they passed H5674
וַיַּֽעַבְר֥וּ And they passed
Strong's: H5674
Word #: 1 of 8
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
מִשָּׁ֖ם H8033
מִשָּׁ֖ם
Strong's: H8033
Word #: 2 of 8
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence
הַר thence unto mount H2022
הַר thence unto mount
Strong's: H2022
Word #: 3 of 8
a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)
אֶפְרָ֑יִם Ephraim H669
אֶפְרָ֑יִם Ephraim
Strong's: H669
Word #: 4 of 8
ephrajim, a son of joseph; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory
וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ and came H935
וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ and came
Strong's: H935
Word #: 5 of 8
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
עַד H5704
עַד
Strong's: H5704
Word #: 6 of 8
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
בֵּ֥ית unto the house H1004
בֵּ֥ית unto the house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 7 of 8
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
מִיכָֽה׃ of Micah H4318
מִיכָֽה׃ of Micah
Strong's: H4318
Word #: 8 of 8
micah, the name of seven israelites

Analysis & Commentary

And they passed thence unto mount Ephraim, and came unto the house of Micah. The Danites' route took them through Ephraimite territory to Micah's house, retracing the path their spies had taken (verse 2). This return to Micah's shrine was no accident—the spies remembered the religious objects they had seen and recognized an opportunity. The verse's brevity belies its significance: they deliberately diverted to acquire Micah's idols, transforming their military expedition into religious theft. From a Reformed perspective, this demonstrates how one sin (abandoning God's assigned territory) leads to another (stealing idols to establish false worship).

The phrase "came unto the house of Micah" (vayavo'u el-beit Mikah, וַיָּבֹאוּ אֶל־בֵּית מִיכָה) uses language of arrival and approach, suggesting purposeful journey, not accidental encounter. They came seeking Micah's religious apparatus to establish worship in their new settlement. This reveals distorted priorities: they wanted religious legitimacy for their unauthorized conquest, so they acquired religious objects through theft. The irony is profound—seeking God's blessing through stolen idols at an unauthorized shrine while abandoning His assigned territory. This illustrates how false worship always involves internal contradiction and spiritual confusion.

Historical Context

Mount Ephraim refers to the central hill country allocated to the tribe of Ephraim, located between the Jezreel Valley (north) and Jerusalem region (south). This territory was traversed by the main north-south road, making it a natural route for the Danites' migration. Micah's house, though in Ephraimite territory, had become known to the Danite spies during their earlier reconnaissance (verses 2-6). The Danites' willingness to steal from a fellow Israelite demonstrates the breakdown of covenant community during the judges period—tribal identity trumped broader Israelite loyalty, and pragmatic considerations overrode moral constraints.

Questions for Reflection

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