Judges 18:14

Authorized King James Version

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Then answered the five men that went to spy out the country of Laish, and said unto their brethren, Do ye know that there is in these houses an ephod, and teraphim, and a graven image, and a molten image? now therefore consider what ye have to do.

Original Language Analysis

וַֽיַּעֲנ֞וּ Then answered H6030
וַֽיַּעֲנ֞וּ Then answered
Strong's: H6030
Word #: 1 of 24
properly, to eye or (generally) to heed, i.e., pay attention; by implication, to respond; by extension to begin to speak; specifically to sing, shout,
חֲמֵ֣שֶׁת the five H2568
חֲמֵ֣שֶׁת the five
Strong's: H2568
Word #: 2 of 24
five
הָֽאֲנָשִׁ֗ים men H582
הָֽאֲנָשִׁ֗ים men
Strong's: H582
Word #: 3 of 24
properly, a mortal (and thus differing from the more dignified h0120); hence, a man in general (singly or collectively)
הַהֹֽלְכִים֮ that went H1980
הַהֹֽלְכִים֮ that went
Strong's: H1980
Word #: 4 of 24
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
לְרַגֵּל֮ to spy out H7270
לְרַגֵּל֮ to spy out
Strong's: H7270
Word #: 5 of 24
to walk along; but only in specifically, applications, to reconnoiter, to be a tale-bearer (i.e., slander); to lead about
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 6 of 24
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
הָאָ֣רֶץ the country H776
הָאָ֣רֶץ the country
Strong's: H776
Word #: 7 of 24
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
לַיִשׁ֒ of Laish H3919
לַיִשׁ֒ of Laish
Strong's: H3919
Word #: 8 of 24
laish, the name of two places in palestine
וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ and said H559
וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ and said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 9 of 24
to say (used with great latitude)
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 10 of 24
near, with or among; often in general, to
אֲחֵיהֶ֔ם unto their brethren H251
אֲחֵיהֶ֔ם unto their brethren
Strong's: H251
Word #: 11 of 24
a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance [like h0001])
דְּע֥וּ Do ye know H3045
דְּע֥וּ Do ye know
Strong's: H3045
Word #: 12 of 24
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
כִּ֠י H3588
כִּ֠י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 13 of 24
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
יֵ֣שׁ that there is H3426
יֵ֣שׁ that there is
Strong's: H3426
Word #: 14 of 24
there is or are (or any other form of the verb to be, as may suit the connection)
בַּבָּתִּ֤ים in these houses H1004
בַּבָּתִּ֤ים in these houses
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 15 of 24
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
הָאֵ֙לֶּה֙ H428
הָאֵ֙לֶּה֙
Strong's: H428
Word #: 16 of 24
these or those
אֵפ֣וֹד an ephod H646
אֵפ֣וֹד an ephod
Strong's: H646
Word #: 17 of 24
a girdle; specifically the ephod or highpriest's shoulder-piece; also generally, an image
וּתְרָפִ֔ים and teraphim H8655
וּתְרָפִ֔ים and teraphim
Strong's: H8655
Word #: 18 of 24
teraphim (singular or plural) a family idol
וּפֶ֖סֶל and a graven image H6459
וּפֶ֖סֶל and a graven image
Strong's: H6459
Word #: 19 of 24
an idol
וּמַסֵּכָ֑ה and a molten image H4541
וּמַסֵּכָ֑ה and a molten image
Strong's: H4541
Word #: 20 of 24
properly, a pouring over, i.e., fusion of metal (especially a cast image); by implication, a libation, i.e., league; concretely a coverlet (as if pour
וְעַתָּ֖ה H6258
וְעַתָּ֖ה
Strong's: H6258
Word #: 21 of 24
at this time, whether adverb, conjunction or expletive
דְּע֥וּ Do ye know H3045
דְּע֥וּ Do ye know
Strong's: H3045
Word #: 22 of 24
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
מַֽה H4100
מַֽה
Strong's: H4100
Word #: 23 of 24
properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and
תַּעֲשֽׂוּ׃ what ye have to do H6213
תַּעֲשֽׂוּ׃ what ye have to do
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 24 of 24
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

Analysis & Commentary

Then answered the five men that went to spy out the country of Laish, and said unto their brethren, Do ye know that there is in these houses an ephod, and teraphim, and a graven image, and a molten image? now therefore consider what ye have to do. The spies disclosed Micah's religious treasures: an ephod (ephod, אֵפוֹד), teraphim (terapim, תְּרָפִים), graven image (pesel, פֶּסֶל), and molten image (massekah, מַסֵּכָה). The ephod was a priestly garment (Exodus 28:6-14) but could also refer to an idolatrous object (Judges 8:27). Teraphim were household idols (Genesis 31:19, 1 Samuel 19:13). The graven and molten images directly violated the second commandment (Exodus 20:4-5). This collection represented comprehensive idolatry—objects that appeared religious but were unauthorized substitutes for true worship.

The phrase "consider what ye have to do" (u-atah de'u mah ta'asu, וְעַתָּה דְּעוּ מַה־תַּעֲשׂוּ) was a suggestive prompt to theft, not a moral question about whether they should steal. They assumed their fellow Danites would recognize the 'opportunity' these religious objects presented. From a Reformed perspective, this demonstrates how apostasy progresses: first abandoning God's assignments (seeking new territory), then seeking religious validation for disobedience (consulting unauthorized priest), then actively acquiring false worship objects (stealing Micah's shrine). Each step seems logical given the previous compromise, illustrating sin's progressive, enslaving nature.

Historical Context

Ephods, teraphim, and carved images were common in ancient Near Eastern religion but strictly forbidden to Israel. The teraphim were likely small figurines representing household deities or ancestor spirits. The graven and molten images violated Exodus 20:4, Leviticus 19:4, and Deuteronomy 27:15. Micah's collection represented syncretism—mixing Yahweh worship with pagan practices, evidenced by his Levite priest serving alongside idolatrous objects. The Danites recognized these objects as valuable assets for establishing their own worship center, not as covenant violations requiring destruction.

Questions for Reflection

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