Judges 13:20

Authorized King James Version

For it came to pass, when the flame went up toward heaven from off the altar, that the angel of the LORD ascended in the flame of the altar. And Manoah and his wife looked on it, and fell on their faces to the ground.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיְהִי֩
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#2
וַיַּ֥עַל
ascended
to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
#3
בְּלַ֣הַב
For it came to pass when the flame
a flash; figuratively, a sharply polished blade or point of a weapon
#4
מֵעַ֤ל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#5
הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חַ
from off the altar
an altar
#6
הַשָּׁמַ֔יְמָה
toward heaven
the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies r
#7
וַיַּ֥עַל
ascended
to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
#8
מַלְאַךְ
that the angel
a messenger; specifically, of god, i.e., an angel (also a prophet, priest or teacher)
#9
יְהוָ֖ה
of the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#10
בְּלַ֣הַב
For it came to pass when the flame
a flash; figuratively, a sharply polished blade or point of a weapon
#11
הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חַ
from off the altar
an altar
#12
וּמָנ֤וֹחַ
And Manoah
manoach, an israelite
#13
וְאִשְׁתּוֹ֙
and his wife
a woman
#14
רֹאִ֔ים
looked on
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
#15
וַיִּפְּל֥וּ
it and fell on
to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
#16
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#17
פְּנֵיהֶ֖ם
their faces
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#18
אָֽרְצָה׃
to the ground
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Judges Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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