Joshua 9:12

Authorized King James Version

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This our bread we took hot for our provision out of our houses on the day we came forth to go unto you; but now, behold, it is dry, and it is mouldy:

Original Language Analysis

זֶ֣ה׀ H2088
זֶ֣ה׀
Strong's: H2088
Word #: 1 of 15
the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that
לַחְמֵ֗נוּ This our bread H3899
לַחְמֵ֗נוּ This our bread
Strong's: H3899
Word #: 2 of 15
food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)
חָ֞ם we took hot H2525
חָ֞ם we took hot
Strong's: H2525
Word #: 3 of 15
hot
הִצְטַיַּ֤דְנוּ for our provision H6679
הִצְטַיַּ֤דְנוּ for our provision
Strong's: H6679
Word #: 4 of 15
to victual (for a journey)
אֹתוֹ֙ H854
אֹתוֹ֙
Strong's: H854
Word #: 5 of 15
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
מִבָּ֣תֵּ֔ינוּ out of our houses H1004
מִבָּ֣תֵּ֔ינוּ out of our houses
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 6 of 15
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
בְּי֥וֹם on the day H3117
בְּי֥וֹם on the day
Strong's: H3117
Word #: 7 of 15
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
צֵאתֵ֖נוּ we came forth H3318
צֵאתֵ֖נוּ we came forth
Strong's: H3318
Word #: 8 of 15
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
לָלֶ֣כֶת H1980
לָלֶ֣כֶת
Strong's: H1980
Word #: 9 of 15
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
אֲלֵיכֶ֑ם H413
אֲלֵיכֶ֑ם
Strong's: H413
Word #: 10 of 15
near, with or among; often in general, to
וְעַתָּה֙ H6258
וְעַתָּה֙
Strong's: H6258
Word #: 11 of 15
at this time, whether adverb, conjunction or expletive
הִנֵּ֣ה H2009
הִנֵּ֣ה
Strong's: H2009
Word #: 12 of 15
lo!
יָבֵ֔שׁ unto you but now behold it is dry H3001
יָבֵ֔שׁ unto you but now behold it is dry
Strong's: H3001
Word #: 13 of 15
to be ashamed, confused or disappointed; also (as failing) to dry up (as water) or wither (as herbage)
וְהָיָ֖ה H1961
וְהָיָ֖ה
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 14 of 15
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
נִקֻּדִֽים׃ and it is mouldy H5350
נִקֻּדִֽים׃ and it is mouldy
Strong's: H5350
Word #: 15 of 15
a crumb (as broken to spots); also a biscuit (as pricked)

Analysis & Commentary

More evidence: 'And these bottles of wine, which we filled, were new; and, behold, they be rent: and these our garments and our shoes are become old by reason of the very long journey.' The wineskins (oboth, אֹבוֹת—leather containers) were 'new' when filled but now 'rent' (torn, split). Old wineskins became brittle and split (Jesus later uses this imagery, Matthew 9:17). The garments and shoes show wear from 'very long journey.' The Hebrew accumulation of evidence—bread, wineskins, garments, shoes—creates overwhelming impression. Every verifiable detail supports the distance claim. The phrase 'very long' (מְאֹד מְאֹד, meod meod—very, very) emphasizes journey's extreme length. The comprehensive staging of evidence across multiple domains (food, drink, clothing, footwear) shows remarkable thoroughness. Yet verse 14 reveals the fatal flaw: 'the men took of their victuals, and asked not counsel at the mouth of the LORD.' Empirical investigation without divine guidance leads to deception.

Historical Context

Wineskins in the ancient world were made from animal hides—goatskins typically. New skins were supple; old ones dried, cracked, and split. The deterioration from new to rent convincingly suggested time passage. Garments and shoes similarly wore with travel—rough terrain, sun exposure, constant use all took toll. Ancient travelers' appearance upon arrival communicated journey length. The Gibeonites understood this social literacy and manipulated every signal. The detail about wineskins being 'new' when filled explains why they'd take new ones—normally, you'd use serviceable old ones for journey, saving new ones. But if journey was long enough, even new ones would deteriorate—thus the mention establishes extreme distance. The deception's sophistication suggests intelligence operation, not improvised scheme. This required planning, resourcing (acquiring old items), and coordination (ensuring all envoys told consistent story). The success despite Israel's initial suspicion (verse 7) shows deception's power when staged comprehensively. Only divine discernment could have penetrated it.

Questions for Reflection

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