Joshua 7:8

Authorized King James Version

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O Lord, what shall I say, when Israel turneth their backs before their enemies!

Original Language Analysis

בִּ֖י O H994
בִּ֖י O
Strong's: H994
Word #: 1 of 11
oh that!; with leave, or if it please
אֲדֹנָ֑י Lord H136
אֲדֹנָ֑י Lord
Strong's: H136
Word #: 2 of 11
the lord (used as a proper name of god only)
מָ֣ה H4100
מָ֣ה
Strong's: H4100
Word #: 3 of 11
properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and
אֹמַ֔ר what shall I say H559
אֹמַ֔ר what shall I say
Strong's: H559
Word #: 4 of 11
to say (used with great latitude)
אַֽ֠חֲרֵי their backs H310
אַֽ֠חֲרֵי their backs
Strong's: H310
Word #: 5 of 11
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
אֲשֶׁ֨ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֨ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 6 of 11
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
הָפַ֧ךְ turneth H2015
הָפַ֧ךְ turneth
Strong's: H2015
Word #: 7 of 11
to turn about or over; by implication, to change, overturn, return, pervert
יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל when Israel H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל when Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 8 of 11
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
עֹ֖רֶף H6203
עֹ֖רֶף
Strong's: H6203
Word #: 9 of 11
the nape or back of the neck (as declining); hence, the back generally (whether literal or figurative)
לִפְנֵ֥י before H6440
לִפְנֵ֥י before
Strong's: H6440
Word #: 10 of 11
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
אֹֽיְבָֽיו׃ their enemies H341
אֹֽיְבָֽיו׃ their enemies
Strong's: H341
Word #: 11 of 11
hating; an adversary

Analysis & Commentary

Joshua continues: 'O Lord, what shall I say, when Israel turneth their backs before their enemies?' His concern focuses on Israel's reputation and, implicitly, God's reputation. The phrase 'turneth their backs' is military terminology for retreat or flight—deeply shameful in ancient warfare. Joshua grasps that Israel's identity as God's victorious people is at stake. If they flee from small cities, who will take them seriously? His question 'what shall I say' expresses a leader's burden—what explanation can he give? He lacks answers because he hasn't yet identified the real problem (Achan's sin). This illustrates that even earnest intercession can be misdirected when we haven't diagnosed root causes correctly. Joshua's focus on what to 'say' suggests concern about public perception and morale. He's right to worry—defeat threatens not just military campaign but spiritual confidence and corporate unity. However, his focus remains horizontal (what will people think?) rather than vertical (what has broken our covenant relationship with God?).

Historical Context

In ancient Near Eastern culture, military victory or defeat was interpreted as divine favor or disfavor. Defeat brought not just tactical loss but profound shame—it suggested your god was weak or angry. Joshua's concern 'what shall I say?' reflects this cultural framework. He must explain to Israel why God allowed defeat, but he lacks insight into the cause. The phrase 'turneth their backs' carried enormous shame in warrior cultures. Running from battle was cowardice; standing ground was honor. Israel's identity was tied to being God's victorious army—defeat threatened this core identity. Archaeological evidence from ancient Near Eastern military texts shows that generals who suffered unexpected defeats faced not just strategic problems but legitimacy crises. Troops questioned leadership; allies reconsidered support; enemies gained confidence. Joshua's concern was well-founded—this single defeat could cascade into campaign collapse unless the root cause was addressed and covenant relationship restored.

Questions for Reflection

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