John 21:3

Authorized King James Version

PDF

Simon Peter saith unto them, I go a fishing. They say unto him, We also go with thee. They went forth, and entered into a ship immediately; and that night they caught nothing.

Original Language Analysis

λέγουσιν They say G3004
λέγουσιν They say
Strong's: G3004
Word #: 1 of 27
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
αὐτῷ unto him G846
αὐτῷ unto him
Strong's: G846
Word #: 2 of 27
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
Σίμων Simon G4613
Σίμων Simon
Strong's: G4613
Word #: 3 of 27
simon (i.e., shimon), the name of nine israelites
Πέτρος Peter G4074
Πέτρος Peter
Strong's: G4074
Word #: 4 of 27
a (piece of) rock (larger than g3037); as a name, petrus, an apostle
Ὑπάγω I go G5217
Ὑπάγω I go
Strong's: G5217
Word #: 5 of 27
to lead (oneself) under, i.e., withdraw or retire (as if sinking out of sight), literally or figuratively
ἁλιεύειν a fishing G232
ἁλιεύειν a fishing
Strong's: G232
Word #: 6 of 27
to be a fisher, i.e., (by implication) to fish
λέγουσιν They say G3004
λέγουσιν They say
Strong's: G3004
Word #: 7 of 27
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
αὐτῷ unto him G846
αὐτῷ unto him
Strong's: G846
Word #: 8 of 27
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
Ἐρχόμεθα go G2064
Ἐρχόμεθα go
Strong's: G2064
Word #: 9 of 27
to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
καὶ also G2532
καὶ also
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 10 of 27
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
ἡμεῖς We G2249
ἡμεῖς We
Strong's: G2249
Word #: 11 of 27
we (only used when emphatic)
σὺν with G4862
σὺν with
Strong's: G4862
Word #: 12 of 27
with or together (but much closer than g3326 or g3844), i.e., by association, companionship, process, resemblance, possession, instrumentality, additi
σοί thee G4671
σοί thee
Strong's: G4671
Word #: 13 of 27
to thee
ἐξῆλθον They went forth G1831
ἐξῆλθον They went forth
Strong's: G1831
Word #: 14 of 27
to issue (literally or figuratively)
καὶ also G2532
καὶ also
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 15 of 27
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
ἀνέβησαν entered G305
ἀνέβησαν entered
Strong's: G305
Word #: 16 of 27
to go up (literally or figuratively)
εἰς into G1519
εἰς into
Strong's: G1519
Word #: 17 of 27
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
τὸ G3588
τὸ
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 18 of 27
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
πλοῖον a ship G4143
πλοῖον a ship
Strong's: G4143
Word #: 19 of 27
a sailer, i.e., vessel
εὐθὺς, immediately G2117
εὐθὺς, immediately
Strong's: G2117
Word #: 20 of 27
straight, i.e., (literally) level, or (figuratively) true; adverbially (of time) at once
καὶ also G2532
καὶ also
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 21 of 27
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
ἐν that G1722
ἐν that
Strong's: G1722
Word #: 22 of 27
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
ἐκείνῃ G1565
ἐκείνῃ
Strong's: G1565
Word #: 23 of 27
that one (or (neuter) thing); often intensified by the article prefixed
τῇ G3588
τῇ
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 24 of 27
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
νυκτὶ night G3571
νυκτὶ night
Strong's: G3571
Word #: 25 of 27
"night" (literally or figuratively)
ἐπίασαν they caught G4084
ἐπίασαν they caught
Strong's: G4084
Word #: 26 of 27
to squeeze, i.e., seize (gently by the hand (press), or officially (arrest), or in hunting (capture))
οὐδέν nothing G3762
οὐδέν nothing
Strong's: G3762
Word #: 27 of 27
not even one (man, woman or thing), i.e., none, nobody, nothing

Analysis & Commentary

Simon Peter saith unto them, I go a fishing. They say unto him, We also go with thee. They went forth, and entered into a ship immediately; and that night they caught nothing. Peter's declaration Ὑπάγω ἁλιεύειν (hypagō halieuein, 'I am going fishing') uses present tense, suggesting ongoing intent—not a single outing but return to his former profession. After the resurrection appearances, uncertainty about what comes next drives Peter back to what he knows.

The other disciples' response Ἐρχόμεθα καὶ ἡμεῖς σὺν σοί (erchometha kai hēmeis syn soi, 'We are coming also with you') shows solidarity. They follow Peter's lead, as they had followed Jesus. Yet this may represent regression—returning to their old life rather than waiting for Jesus's commission. Jesus had called them to be 'fishers of men' (Matthew 4:19); now they fish for fish again.

The detail that they caught nothing that night (ἐκείνῃ τῇ νυκτὶ ἐπίασαν οὐδέν, ekeinē tē nykti epiasan ouden) is theologically loaded. Without Jesus, their labor is fruitless—exactly as He taught: 'Without me ye can do nothing' (John 15:5). Despite being professional fishermen on their home waters, they catch nothing. Human effort apart from Christ produces emptiness. This sets up the miraculous catch that follows, demonstrating that success in ministry (fishing for men) comes not from skill or effort but from Christ's presence and direction.

Historical Context

Night fishing on the Sea of Galilee was common because fish rose to cooler surface waters after dark. Fishermen used nets (diktuon) cast from boats. A night's fishing expedition with no catch represented significant economic loss—time, energy, and potential income wasted.

Peter and others had been professional fishermen before Jesus called them. Returning to this trade after Jesus's death might seem practical—they had families to support and bills to pay. But Jesus had previously promised to make them fishers of men. This reversion to fishing fish, even temporarily, shows the disciples' confusion about their post-resurrection commission. They knew Jesus was risen but didn't yet understand their new mission.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

People

Study Resources

Bible Stories