John 18:30

Authorized King James Version

They answered and said unto him, If he were not a malefactor, we would not have delivered him up unto thee.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ἀπεκρίθησαν
They answered
to conclude for oneself, i.e., (by implication) to respond; by hebraism (compare h6030) to begin to speak (where an address is expected)
#2
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#3
εἶπον
said
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#4
αὐτόν
him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#5
Εἰ
if, whether, that, etc
#6
μὴ
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
#7
ἦν
were
i (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)
#8
οὗτος
he
the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)
#9
κακὸποιός,
a malefactor
a bad-doer; (specially), a criminal
#10
οὐκ
not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#11
ἄν
we would
whatsoever
#12
σοι
unto thee
to thee
#13
παρεδώκαμεν
have delivered
to surrender, i.e yield up, entrust, transmit
#14
αὐτόν
him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to John. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to theological biography emphasizing Jesus' divine identity, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the late first century during increasing tension between synagogue and church provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The late first-century Jewish-Christian tensions and Hellenistic thought would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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