Joel 1:11

Authorized King James Version

Be ye ashamed, O ye husbandmen; howl, O ye vinedressers, for the wheat and for the barley; because the harvest of the field is perished.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
הֹבִ֣ישׁוּ
properly, to pale, i.e., by implication to be ashamed; also (by implication) to be disappointed or delayed
#2
אִכָּרִ֗ים
O ye husbandmen
a farmer
#3
הֵילִ֙ילוּ֙
howl
to howl (with a wailing tone) or yell (with a boisterous one)
#4
כֹּֽרְמִ֔ים
O ye vinedressers
a vinedresser
#5
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#6
חִטָּ֖ה
for the wheat
wheat, whether the grain or the plant
#7
וְעַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#8
שְׂעֹרָ֑ה
and for the barley
barley (as villose)
#9
כִּ֥י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#10
אָבַ֖ד
H6
is perished
properly, to wander away, i.e., lose oneself; by implication to perish (causative, destroy)
#11
קְצִ֥יר
because the harvest
severed, a limb (of a tree, or simply foliage)
#12
שָׂדֶֽה׃
of the field
a field (as flat)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection