Joel 1:11

Authorized King James Version

PDF

Be ye ashamed, O ye husbandmen; howl, O ye vinedressers, for the wheat and for the barley; because the harvest of the field is perished.

Original Language Analysis

הֹבִ֣ישׁוּ H954
הֹבִ֣ישׁוּ
Strong's: H954
Word #: 1 of 12
properly, to pale, i.e., by implication to be ashamed; also (by implication) to be disappointed or delayed
אִכָּרִ֗ים O ye husbandmen H406
אִכָּרִ֗ים O ye husbandmen
Strong's: H406
Word #: 2 of 12
a farmer
הֵילִ֙ילוּ֙ howl H3213
הֵילִ֙ילוּ֙ howl
Strong's: H3213
Word #: 3 of 12
to howl (with a wailing tone) or yell (with a boisterous one)
כֹּֽרְמִ֔ים O ye vinedressers H3755
כֹּֽרְמִ֔ים O ye vinedressers
Strong's: H3755
Word #: 4 of 12
a vinedresser
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 5 of 12
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
חִטָּ֖ה for the wheat H2406
חִטָּ֖ה for the wheat
Strong's: H2406
Word #: 6 of 12
wheat, whether the grain or the plant
וְעַל H5921
וְעַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 7 of 12
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
שְׂעֹרָ֑ה and for the barley H8184
שְׂעֹרָ֑ה and for the barley
Strong's: H8184
Word #: 8 of 12
barley (as villose)
כִּ֥י H3588
כִּ֥י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 9 of 12
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
אָבַ֖ד is perished H6
אָבַ֖ד is perished
Strong's: H6
Word #: 10 of 12
properly, to wander away, i.e., lose oneself; by implication to perish (causative, destroy)
קְצִ֥יר because the harvest H7105
קְצִ֥יר because the harvest
Strong's: H7105
Word #: 11 of 12
severed, a limb (of a tree, or simply foliage)
שָׂדֶֽה׃ of the field H7704
שָׂדֶֽה׃ of the field
Strong's: H7704
Word #: 12 of 12
a field (as flat)

Analysis & Commentary

"Be ye ashamed, O ye husbandmen; howl, O ye vinedressers" commands farmers to lament. The Hebrew bosh (ashamed) indicates confusion, disappointment, and recognition of failure. Farmers who worked diligently now face total crop failure—not due to laziness but divine judgment. "For the wheat and for the barley; because the harvest of the field is perished" lists staple grains destroyed. Wheat and barley provided bread—the staff of life. Their loss meant famine. This teaches that human labor, however diligent, cannot succeed apart from God's blessing (Psalm 127:1-2). The Reformed doctrine of providence affirms God's active governance over all events, including weather, harvests, and economic outcomes. Success isn't automatic reward for effort—it's gift from God who causes growth (1 Corinthians 3:7).

Historical Context

Ancient agriculture depended entirely on rainfall, soil fertility, and absence of pests—all beyond human control. A locust plague could devastate years of labor in hours. The covenant explicitly linked agricultural prosperity to obedience (Leviticus 26:3-5, Deuteronomy 28:1-14) and failure to disobedience (Deuteronomy 28:15-24). This wasn't mechanical cause-effect but covenantal relationship—God blesses faithfulness, withdraws blessing from rebellion.

Questions for Reflection