Job 24:9

Authorized King James Version

They pluck the fatherless from the breast, and take a pledge of the poor.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
יִ֭גְזְלוּ
They pluck
to pluck off; specifically to flay, strip or rob
#2
מִשֹּׁ֣ד
from the breast
the breast of a woman or animal (as bulging)
#3
יָת֑וֹם
the fatherless
a bereaved person
#4
וְֽעַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#5
עָנִ֥י
of the poor
depressed, in mind or circumstances
#6
יַחְבֹּֽלוּ׃
and take a pledge
to wind tightly (as a rope), i.e., to bind; specifically, by a pledge; figuratively, to pervert, destroy; also to writhe in pain (especially of partur

Analysis

The covenant theme here intersects with God's relationship with His people from Abraham through the new covenant. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of evolution from creation covenant through Abrahamic, Mosaic, Davidic, to new covenant. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's relational commitment from Noah to the new covenant.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on covenant particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection