Job 20:19

Authorized King James Version

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Because he hath oppressed and hath forsaken the poor; because he hath violently taken away an house which he builded not;

Original Language Analysis

כִּֽי H3588
כִּֽי
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 1 of 8
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
רִ֭צַּץ Because he hath oppressed H7533
רִ֭צַּץ Because he hath oppressed
Strong's: H7533
Word #: 2 of 8
to crack in pieces, literally or figuratively
עָזַ֣ב and hath forsaken H5800
עָזַ֣ב and hath forsaken
Strong's: H5800
Word #: 3 of 8
to loosen, i.e., relinquish, permit, etc
דַּלִּ֑ים the poor H1800
דַּלִּ֑ים the poor
Strong's: H1800
Word #: 4 of 8
properly, dangling, i.e., (by implication) weak or thin
בַּ֥יִת an house H1004
בַּ֥יִת an house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 5 of 8
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
גָּ֝זַ֗ל because he hath violently taken away H1497
גָּ֝זַ֗ל because he hath violently taken away
Strong's: H1497
Word #: 6 of 8
to pluck off; specifically to flay, strip or rob
וְלֹ֣א H3808
וְלֹ֣א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 7 of 8
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
יִבֶנֵֽהוּ׃ which he builded H1129
יִבֶנֵֽהוּ׃ which he builded
Strong's: H1129
Word #: 8 of 8
to build (literally and figuratively)

Analysis & Commentary

The wicked oppress the poor: 'Because he hath oppressed and hath forsaken the poor; because he hath violently taken away an house which he builded not.' Zophar accuses Job of oppressing the poor and seizing houses—serious moral charges. These accusations are false (Job 29-31 shows his generosity). Zophar invents specific sins to explain Job's suffering, demonstrating how theodicy can become slander when it assumes suffering always indicates specific wickedness.

Historical Context

Ancient Near Eastern law and prophetic literature strongly condemned oppression of the poor and property theft (Exodus 22:21-27, Amos 2:6-7). Zophar leverages these serious charges against Job without evidence, showing how theology can justify slander.

Questions for Reflection