Job 16:13

Authorized King James Version

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His archers compass me round about, he cleaveth my reins asunder, and doth not spare; he poureth out my gall upon the ground.

Original Language Analysis

יָ֘סֹ֤בּוּ compass me round about H5437
יָ֘סֹ֤בּוּ compass me round about
Strong's: H5437
Word #: 1 of 10
to revolve, surround, or border; used in various applications, literally and figuratively
עָלַ֨י׀ H5921
עָלַ֨י׀
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 2 of 10
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
רַבָּ֗יו His archers H7228
רַבָּ֗יו His archers
Strong's: H7228
Word #: 3 of 10
an archer
יְפַלַּ֣ח asunder H6398
יְפַלַּ֣ח asunder
Strong's: H6398
Word #: 4 of 10
to slice, i.e., break open or pierce
כִּ֭לְיוֹתַי my reins H3629
כִּ֭לְיוֹתַי my reins
Strong's: H3629
Word #: 5 of 10
a kidney (as an essential organ); figuratively, the mind (as the interior self)
וְלֹ֣א H3808
וְלֹ֣א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 6 of 10
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
יַחְמ֑וֹל and doth not spare H2550
יַחְמ֑וֹל and doth not spare
Strong's: H2550
Word #: 7 of 10
to commiserate; by implication, to spare
יִשְׁפֹּ֥ךְ he poureth out H8210
יִשְׁפֹּ֥ךְ he poureth out
Strong's: H8210
Word #: 8 of 10
to spill forth (blood, a libation, liquid metal; or even a solid, i.e., to mound up); also (figuratively) to expend (life, soul, complaint, money, etc
לָ֝אָ֗רֶץ upon the ground H776
לָ֝אָ֗רֶץ upon the ground
Strong's: H776
Word #: 9 of 10
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
מְרֵרָֽתִי׃ my gall H4845
מְרֵרָֽתִי׃ my gall
Strong's: H4845
Word #: 10 of 10
bile (from its bitterness)

Analysis & Commentary

Job describes God's attack: 'His archers compass me round about, he cleaveth my reins asunder, and doth not spare; he poureth out my gall upon the ground.' Vivid military imagery depicts God as archer shooting at Job from all sides. 'Reins' (kidneys) represent the innermost being—God's arrows pierce Job's core. Pouring out gall (bile) suggests internal injuries. This graphic language expresses Job's experience of suffering as divine assault. His honesty in describing feeling attacked by God models authentic lament.

Historical Context

Ancient warfare involved archers surrounding and overwhelming targets. Internal organs (reins, gall) were understood as seats of emotion and life. Job uses military imagery his contemporaries would immediately grasp to describe his suffering's intensity.

Questions for Reflection