Job 1:14

Authorized King James Version

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And there came a messenger unto Job, and said, The oxen were plowing, and the asses feeding beside them:

Original Language Analysis

וּמַלְאָ֛ךְ a messenger H4397
וּמַלְאָ֛ךְ a messenger
Strong's: H4397
Word #: 1 of 12
a messenger; specifically, of god, i.e., an angel (also a prophet, priest or teacher)
בָּ֥א And there came H935
בָּ֥א And there came
Strong's: H935
Word #: 2 of 12
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 3 of 12
near, with or among; often in general, to
אִיּ֖וֹב unto Job H347
אִיּ֖וֹב unto Job
Strong's: H347
Word #: 4 of 12
ijob, the patriarch famous for his patience
וַיֹּאמַ֑ר and said H559
וַיֹּאמַ֑ר and said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 5 of 12
to say (used with great latitude)
הַבָּקָר֙ The oxen H1241
הַבָּקָר֙ The oxen
Strong's: H1241
Word #: 6 of 12
a beeve or an animal of the ox family of either gender (as used for plowing); collectively, a herd
הָי֣וּ H1961
הָי֣וּ
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 7 of 12
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
חֹֽרְשׁ֔וֹת were plowing H2790
חֹֽרְשׁ֔וֹת were plowing
Strong's: H2790
Word #: 8 of 12
to scratch, i.e., (by implication) to engrave, plough; hence (from the use of tools) to fabricate (of any material); figuratively, to devise (in a bad
וְהָֽאֲתֹנ֖וֹת and the asses H860
וְהָֽאֲתֹנ֖וֹת and the asses
Strong's: H860
Word #: 9 of 12
a female donkey (from its docility)
רֹע֥וֹת feeding H7462
רֹע֥וֹת feeding
Strong's: H7462
Word #: 10 of 12
to tend a flock; i.e., pasture it; intransitively, to graze (literally or figuratively); generally to rule; by extension, to associate with (as a frie
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 11 of 12
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
יְדֵיהֶֽם׃ beside H3027
יְדֵיהֶֽם׃ beside
Strong's: H3027
Word #: 12 of 12
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

Analysis & Commentary

The Sabeans' raid demonstrates that human wickedness serves as the immediate cause while God remains the ultimate sovereign. The messenger's survival to report the news follows the pattern throughout this chapter—one witness remains to multiply Job's grief. This reveals how God ordains even the manner in which trials come, ensuring Job receives full knowledge of his losses while preventing any immediate verification or false hope.

Historical Context

The Sabeans (from Sheba in Arabia) were known traders who occasionally conducted raids. Their attack on Job's agricultural wealth was both strategic and devastating, targeting oxen and donkeys essential for farming.

Questions for Reflection

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