Jeremiah Chapter 8 · Verse 6

Authorized King James Version

Study PDF

I hearkened and heard, but they spake not aright: no man repented him of his wickedness, saying, What have I done? every one turned to his course, as the horse rusheth into the battle.

Original Language Analysis

הִקְשַׁ֤בְתִּי I hearkened H7181
הִקְשַׁ֤בְתִּי I hearkened
Strong's: H7181
Word #: 1 of 19
to prick up the ears, i.e., hearken
וָֽאֶשְׁמָע֙ and heard H8085
וָֽאֶשְׁמָע֙ and heard
Strong's: H8085
Word #: 2 of 19
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
לוֹא H3808
לוֹא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 3 of 19
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
כֵ֣ן H3651
כֵ֣ן
Strong's: H3651
Word #: 4 of 19
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner
יְדַבֵּ֔רוּ but they spake not aright H1696
יְדַבֵּ֔רוּ but they spake not aright
Strong's: H1696
Word #: 5 of 19
perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
אֵ֣ין H369
אֵ֣ין
Strong's: H369
Word #: 6 of 19
a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle
אִ֗ישׁ no man H376
אִ֗ישׁ no man
Strong's: H376
Word #: 7 of 19
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
נִחָם֙ repented H5162
נִחָם֙ repented
Strong's: H5162
Word #: 8 of 19
properly, to sigh, i.e., breathe strongly; by implication, to be sorry, i.e., (in a favorable sense) to pity, console or (reflexively) rue; or (unfavo
עַל him of H5921
עַל him of
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 9 of 19
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
רָ֣עָת֔וֹ his wickedness H7451
רָ֣עָת֔וֹ his wickedness
Strong's: H7451
Word #: 10 of 19
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
לֵאמֹ֖ר saying H559
לֵאמֹ֖ר saying
Strong's: H559
Word #: 11 of 19
to say (used with great latitude)
מֶ֣ה H4100
מֶ֣ה
Strong's: H4100
Word #: 12 of 19
properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and
עָשִׂ֑יתִי What have I done H6213
עָשִׂ֑יתִי What have I done
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 13 of 19
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
כֻּלֹּ֗ה H3605
כֻּלֹּ֗ה
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 14 of 19
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
שָׁ֚ב every one turned H7725
שָׁ֚ב every one turned
Strong's: H7725
Word #: 15 of 19
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
בִּמְר֣צּוָתָ֔ם to his course H4794
בִּמְר֣צּוָתָ֔ם to his course
Strong's: H4794
Word #: 16 of 19
a race (the act), whether the manner or the progress
כְּס֥וּס as the horse H5483
כְּס֥וּס as the horse
Strong's: H5483
Word #: 17 of 19
a horse (as leaping)
שׁוֹטֵ֖ף rusheth H7857
שׁוֹטֵ֖ף rusheth
Strong's: H7857
Word #: 18 of 19
to gush; by implication, to inundate, cleanse; by analogy, to gallop, conquer
בַּמִּלְחָמָֽה׃ into the battle H4421
בַּמִּלְחָמָֽה׃ into the battle
Strong's: H4421
Word #: 19 of 19
a battle (i.e., the engagement); generally, war (i.e., war-fare)

Analysis & Commentary

God describes His careful observation of Judah's behavior: 'I hearkened and heard' uses qashav (קָשַׁב, to attend carefully) and shama (שָׁמַע, to hear). God listened intently for evidence of repentance. 'But they spake not aright' (lo-ken yedabberu, לֹא־כֵן יְדַבֵּרוּ)—literally 'they do not speak rightly/correctly.' 'No man repented him of his wickedness' reveals the absence of genuine contrition anywhere in the nation. The phrase 'saying, What have I done?' represents the self-examination that should characterize repentance but was absent. Instead, 'every one turned to his course' uses shav (שָׁב, turned) with meruts (מְרוּץ, running, course)—like a horse rushing headlong into battle. The imagery suggests unthinking, unstoppable momentum toward destruction.

Historical Context

This observation reflects Jeremiah's forty-year ministry during which he searched for genuine repentance among the people. His search for one righteous person (Jeremiah 5:1) parallels Abraham's intercession for Sodom. The horse-in-battle metaphor resonated with Judah's militaristic culture as they vacillated between Egyptian and Babylonian alliances. Archaeological evidence shows Judah maintained significant cavalry forces during this period.

Questions for Reflection