Jeremiah 49:24

Authorized King James Version

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Damascus is waxed feeble, and turneth herself to flee, and fear hath seized on her: anguish and sorrows have taken her, as a woman in travail.

Original Language Analysis

רָפְתָ֥ה is waxed feeble H7503
רָפְתָ֥ה is waxed feeble
Strong's: H7503
Word #: 1 of 10
to slacken (in many applications, literal or figurative)
דַמֶּ֛שֶׂק Damascus H1834
דַמֶּ֛שֶׂק Damascus
Strong's: H1834
Word #: 2 of 10
damascus, a city of syria
הִפְנְתָ֥ה and turneth H6437
הִפְנְתָ֥ה and turneth
Strong's: H6437
Word #: 3 of 10
to turn; by implication, to face, i.e., appear, look, etc
לָנ֖וּס herself to flee H5127
לָנ֖וּס herself to flee
Strong's: H5127
Word #: 4 of 10
to flit, i.e., vanish away (subside, escape; causatively, chase, impel, deliver)
וְרֶ֣טֶט׀ and fear H7374
וְרֶ֣טֶט׀ and fear
Strong's: H7374
Word #: 5 of 10
terror
הֶחֱזִ֑יקָה hath seized H2388
הֶחֱזִ֑יקָה hath seized
Strong's: H2388
Word #: 6 of 10
to fasten upon; hence, to seize, be strong (figuratively, courageous, causatively strengthen, cure, help, repair, fortify), obstinate; to bind, restra
צָרָ֧ה on her anguish H6869
צָרָ֧ה on her anguish
Strong's: H6869
Word #: 7 of 10
transitively, a female rival
וַחֲבָלִ֛ים and sorrows H2256
וַחֲבָלִ֛ים and sorrows
Strong's: H2256
Word #: 8 of 10
ruin
אֲחָזַ֖תָּה have taken H270
אֲחָזַ֖תָּה have taken
Strong's: H270
Word #: 9 of 10
to seize (often with the accessory idea of holding in possession)
כַּיּוֹלֵדָֽה׃ her as a woman in travail H3205
כַּיּוֹלֵדָֽה׃ her as a woman in travail
Strong's: H3205
Word #: 10 of 10
to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage

Analysis & Commentary

Damascus is waxed feeble (רָפְתָה דַמֶּשֶׂק, raphtah Dammeseq)—The verb raphah means to become slack, enfeebled. Syria's ancient capital loses military and political vitality. Turneth herself to flee (הִפְנְתָה לָנוּס, hiphn'tah lanus)—Damascus personified as a woman turns to escape, but fear hath seized on her (וְחִרְדָּה הֶחֱזִיקָתָה, v'chirdah hecheziqattah). The verb chazaq (seize) suggests fear grips Damascus like a predator's jaws.

Anguish and sorrows have taken her, as a woman in travail (צָרָה וַחֲבָלִים אֲחָזָתָה כַּיּוֹלֵדָה, tsarah vachavalim achazattah kayyoledah)—Again the childbirth metaphor. Tsarah (distress) and chavalim (labor pains) are divinely appointed suffering. Damascus's feminization isn't contempt but indicates helplessness before God's irresistible power. No military prowess avails; only submission to divine sovereignty offers hope.

Historical Context

Damascus had survived Assyrian conquest (732 BC) and remained influential under Babylonian hegemony. But Nebuchadnezzar's campaigns through Syria-Palestine (605-604 BC) reduced Damascus to vassal status, fulfilling this prophecy of weakness and fear.

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