Jeremiah 46:7

Authorized King James Version

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Who is this that cometh up as a flood, whose waters are moved as the rivers?

Original Language Analysis

מִי H4310
מִי
Strong's: H4310
Word #: 1 of 7
who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix
זֶ֖ה H2088
זֶ֖ה
Strong's: H2088
Word #: 2 of 7
the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that
כַּיְאֹ֣ר as a flood H2975
כַּיְאֹ֣ר as a flood
Strong's: H2975
Word #: 3 of 7
a channel, e.g., a fosse, canal, shaft; specifically the nile, as the one river of egypt, including its collateral trenches; also the tigris, as the m
יַֽעֲלֶ֑ה Who is this that cometh up H5927
יַֽעֲלֶ֑ה Who is this that cometh up
Strong's: H5927
Word #: 4 of 7
to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
כַּנְּהָר֕וֹת as the rivers H5104
כַּנְּהָר֕וֹת as the rivers
Strong's: H5104
Word #: 5 of 7
a stream (including the sea; expectation the nile, euphrates, etc.); figuratively, prosperity
יִֽתְגָּעֲשׁ֖וּ are moved H1607
יִֽתְגָּעֲשׁ֖וּ are moved
Strong's: H1607
Word #: 6 of 7
to agitate violently
מֵימָֽיו׃ whose waters H4325
מֵימָֽיו׃ whose waters
Strong's: H4325
Word #: 7 of 7
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen

Analysis & Commentary

Who is this that cometh up as a flood (מִי־זֶה כַּיְאֹר יַעֲלֶה)—The interrogative introduces poetic imagery mocking Egypt's imperial arrogance. Ye'or (יְאֹר) specifically designates the Nile River, Egypt's lifeblood and symbol of national power. The simile compares Egypt's military expansion to the Nile's annual inundation—seemingly unstoppable, life-giving to Egypt, overwhelming to others.

Whose waters are moved as the rivers—The verb yitgaʿashu (יִתְגָּעֲשׁוּ) means 'surge' or 'toss violently,' describing turbulent floodwaters. Egypt's military campaigns rolled forth like floodwaters—chaotic, powerful, apparently irresistible. Yet this rhetorical question anticipates v. 8's answer, then v. 9-12's devastating reversal. Like Pharaoh before the Red Sea, Egypt's 'flood' will drown them.

Historical Context

The Nile's annual flood was central to Egyptian civilization, religion, and self-understanding. Pharaohs were considered divine guarantors of the inundation. Using this imagery, Jeremiah targets Egypt's foundational national pride—their god-like power to bless or destroy. Yet Yahweh controls even the Nile (Exodus 7:17-21).

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