Jeremiah 41:11

Authorized King James Version

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But when Johanan the son of Kareah, and all the captains of the forces that were with him, heard of all the evil that Ishmael the son of Nethaniah had done,

Original Language Analysis

וַיִּשְׁמַע֙ that were with him heard H8085
וַיִּשְׁמַע֙ that were with him heard
Strong's: H8085
Word #: 1 of 17
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
יוֹחָנָ֣ן But when Johanan H3110
יוֹחָנָ֣ן But when Johanan
Strong's: H3110
Word #: 2 of 17
jochanan, the name of nine israelites
בֶּן the son H1121
בֶּן the son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 3 of 17
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
קָרֵ֔חַ of Kareah H7143
קָרֵ֔חַ of Kareah
Strong's: H7143
Word #: 4 of 17
kareach, an israelite
וְכָל H3605
וְכָל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 5 of 17
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
שָׂרֵ֥י and all the captains H8269
שָׂרֵ֥י and all the captains
Strong's: H8269
Word #: 6 of 17
a head person (of any rank or class)
הַחֲיָלִ֖ים of the forces H2428
הַחֲיָלִ֖ים of the forces
Strong's: H2428
Word #: 7 of 17
probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength
אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 8 of 17
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
אִתּ֑וֹ H854
אִתּ֑וֹ
Strong's: H854
Word #: 9 of 17
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
אֵ֤ת H853
אֵ֤ת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 10 of 17
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
כָּל H3605
כָּל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 11 of 17
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
הָֽרָעָה֙ of all the evil H7451
הָֽרָעָה֙ of all the evil
Strong's: H7451
Word #: 12 of 17
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 13 of 17
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
עָשָׂ֔ה had done H6213
עָשָׂ֔ה had done
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 14 of 17
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
יִשְׁמָעֵ֖אל that Ishmael H3458
יִשְׁמָעֵ֖אל that Ishmael
Strong's: H3458
Word #: 15 of 17
jishmael, the name of abraham's oldest son, and of five israelites
בֶּן the son H1121
בֶּן the son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 16 of 17
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
נְתַנְיָֽה׃ of Nethaniah H5418
נְתַנְיָֽה׃ of Nethaniah
Strong's: H5418
Word #: 17 of 17
nethanjah, the name of four israelites

Analysis & Commentary

Johanan's immediate response to news of Ishmael's murders—gathering 'all the captains of the forces that were with him' and preparing pursuit—shows leadership and military competence. His swift action prevented Ishmael's complete success, eventually rescuing the captives (v.14). The phrase 'when Johanan the son of Kareah, and all the captains of the forces that were with him, heard of all the evil that Ishmael the son of Nethaniah had done' emphasizes the wickedness ('evil') of Ishmael's actions from the narrator's perspective. This vindicates Johanan's earlier warning to Gedaliah (40:13-16) that proved tragically accurate. Johanan emerges as both the prophet who warned and the warrior who attempted to limit the damage of the catastrophe his warning couldn't prevent. However, while Johanan showed wisdom and courage in opposing Ishmael, his later decision to flee to Egypt against Jeremiah's counsel (chapter 43) shows that military competence and tactical wisdom don't guarantee spiritual discernment. This passage illustrates how the same person can make wise choices in one area while failing in another, showing human inconsistency.

Historical Context

Johanan's ability to quickly gather 'all the captains of the forces' suggests he maintained communication networks and command structures among Judean military remnants despite Gedaliah's assassination. These were likely the same 'captains of the forces that were in the fields' (40:7, 13) who had initially recognized Gedaliah's governorship. That they responded to Johanan's leadership indicates his standing among these commanders. The speed of their response—Ishmael was overtaken before reaching Ammonite territory (about 20-25 miles from Mizpah)—demonstrates military efficiency. However, this same military capability couldn't preserve stability; after rescuing captives, these leaders led the remnant to Egypt rather than attempting to restore order (chapters 42-43). This shows how military strength without spiritual wisdom leads to pragmatic rather than faithful choices. The tragedy is that the military competence that could have protected the remnant if properly directed instead led them into exile in Egypt, completing the disaster Ishmael initiated.

Questions for Reflection

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