Jeremiah 37:20

Authorized King James Version

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Therefore hear now, I pray thee, O my lord the king: let my supplication, I pray thee, be accepted before thee; that thou cause me not to return to the house of Jonathan the scribe, lest I die there.

Original Language Analysis

וְעַתָּ֕ה H6258
וְעַתָּ֕ה
Strong's: H6258
Word #: 1 of 17
at this time, whether adverb, conjunction or expletive
שְֽׁמַֽע Therefore hear H8085
שְֽׁמַֽע Therefore hear
Strong's: H8085
Word #: 2 of 17
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
נָ֖א H4994
נָ֖א
Strong's: H4994
Word #: 3 of 17
'i pray', 'now', or 'then'; added mostly to verbs (in the imperative or future), or to interjections, occasionally to an adverb or conjunction
אֲדֹנִ֣י now I pray thee O my lord H113
אֲדֹנִ֣י now I pray thee O my lord
Strong's: H113
Word #: 4 of 17
sovereign, i.e., controller (human or divine)
הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ the king H4428
הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 5 of 17
a king
תִּפָּל I pray thee be accepted H5307
תִּפָּל I pray thee be accepted
Strong's: H5307
Word #: 6 of 17
to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
נָ֤א H4994
נָ֤א
Strong's: H4994
Word #: 7 of 17
'i pray', 'now', or 'then'; added mostly to verbs (in the imperative or future), or to interjections, occasionally to an adverb or conjunction
תְחִנָּתִי֙ let my supplication H8467
תְחִנָּתִי֙ let my supplication
Strong's: H8467
Word #: 8 of 17
graciousness; causatively, entreaty
לְפָנֶ֔יךָ before H6440
לְפָנֶ֔יךָ before
Strong's: H6440
Word #: 9 of 17
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
וְאַל H408
וְאַל
Strong's: H408
Word #: 10 of 17
not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing
תְּשִׁבֵ֗נִי thee that thou cause me not to return H7725
תְּשִׁבֵ֗נִי thee that thou cause me not to return
Strong's: H7725
Word #: 11 of 17
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
בֵּ֚ית to the house H1004
בֵּ֚ית to the house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 12 of 17
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
יְהוֹנָתָ֣ן of Jonathan H3083
יְהוֹנָתָ֣ן of Jonathan
Strong's: H3083
Word #: 13 of 17
jehonathan, the name of four israelites
הַסֹּפֵ֔ר the scribe H5608
הַסֹּפֵ֔ר the scribe
Strong's: H5608
Word #: 14 of 17
properly, to score with a mark as a tally or record, i.e., (by implication) to inscribe, and also to enumerate; intensively, to recount, i.e., celebra
וְלֹ֥א H3808
וְלֹ֥א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 15 of 17
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
אָמ֖וּת lest I die H4191
אָמ֖וּת lest I die
Strong's: H4191
Word #: 16 of 17
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
שָֽׁם׃ H8033
שָֽׁם׃
Strong's: H8033
Word #: 17 of 17
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence

Analysis & Commentary

Let my supplication, I pray thee, be accepted before thee (תִּפָּל־נָא תְחִנָּתִי לְפָנֶיךָ)—Jeremiah's plea employs techinnah (תְּחִנָּה), meaning a supplication for grace or favor, and naphal (נָפַל), literally 'to fall,' creating the image of a petition falling before the king. Despite unjust imprisonment, Jeremiah appeals humbly to Zedekiah's mercy rather than demanding vindication.

That thou cause me not to return to the house of Jonathan the scribe, lest I die there—Jeremiah doesn't request full release, only transfer from the dungeon to better conditions. The 'house of Jonathan' had been converted into a makeshift prison with underground cells ('the dungeon, and into the cabins,' 37:16), where conditions were so brutal that Jeremiah faced death. The phrase 'lest I die there' (pen amut sham, פֶּן־אָמוּת שָׁם) reveals the prophet's real fear of perishing before God's purposes were complete.

This humble petition models proper Christian response to unjust suffering: Jeremiah neither demanded rights nor accepted preventable death passively. He appealed to legitimate authority for mercy. Paul similarly appealed to Caesar when facing death threats (Acts 25:11), showing that submission to God's sovereignty doesn't require fatalism or refusing to seek relief from unjust conditions.

Historical Context

Zedekiah granted Jeremiah's request, transferring him to the court of the guard where he received daily bread rations until the city fell (37:21). This milder imprisonment lasted until Judah's princes convinced Zedekiah to let them execute Jeremiah by throwing him into a muddy cistern (38:4-6). The vacillating king later allowed Ebed-melech to rescue Jeremiah from the cistern (38:7-13). These episodes reveal Zedekiah's weak character—he recognized Jeremiah as God's prophet and even sought his counsel, but lacked courage to fully vindicate him against opposition. This political cowardice ultimately led to catastrophe: Jerusalem fell, Zedekiah's sons were killed before his eyes, he was blinded and taken to Babylon in chains (39:4-7).

Questions for Reflection

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