Isaiah 42:19

Authorized King James Version

Who is blind, but my servant? or deaf, as my messenger that I sent? who is blind as he that is perfect, and blind as the LORD'S servant?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
מִ֤י
who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix
#2
וְעִוֵּ֖ר
Who is blind
blind (literally or figuratively)
#3
כִּ֣י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#4
אִם
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
#5
כְּעֶ֥בֶד
but my servant
a servant
#6
וְחֵרֵ֖שׁ
or deaf
deaf (whether literally or spiritual)
#7
כְּמַלְאָכִ֣י
as my messenger
a messenger; specifically, of god, i.e., an angel (also a prophet, priest or teacher)
#8
אֶשְׁלָ֑ח
that I sent
to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
#9
מִ֤י
who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix
#10
וְעִוֵּ֖ר
Who is blind
blind (literally or figuratively)
#11
כִּמְשֻׁלָּ֔ם
as he that is perfect
to be safe (in mind, body or estate); figuratively, to be (causatively, make) completed; by implication, to be friendly; by extension, to reciprocate
#12
וְעִוֵּ֖ר
Who is blind
blind (literally or figuratively)
#13
כְּעֶ֥בֶד
but my servant
a servant
#14
יְהוָֽה׃
as the LORD'S
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Isaiah. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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