Isaiah 34:5

Authorized King James Version

For my sword shall be bathed in heaven: behold, it shall come down upon Idumea, and upon the people of my curse, to judgment.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
כִּֽי
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#2
רִוְּתָ֥ה
shall be bathed
to slake the thirst (occasionally of other appetites)
#3
בַשָּׁמַ֖יִם
in heaven
the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies r
#4
חַרְבִּ֑י
For my sword
drought; also a cutting instrument (from its destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or other sharp implement
#5
הִנֵּה֙
lo!
#6
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#7
אֱד֣וֹם
upon Idumea
edom, the elder twin-brother of jacob; hence the region (idumaea) occupied by him
#8
תֵּרֵ֔ד
behold it shall come down
to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); cau
#9
וְעַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#10
עַ֥ם
and upon the people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#11
חֶרְמִ֖י
of my curse
physical (as shutting in) a net (either literally or figuratively); usually a doomed object; abstractly extermination
#12
לְמִשְׁפָּֽט׃
to judgment
properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree (human or (participant's) divine law, ind

Analysis

Within the broader context of Isaiah, this passage highlights salvation through universal language and absolute statements. The theological weight of covenant community connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about covenant community, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Isaiah.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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