Isaiah 29:11

Authorized King James Version

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And the vision of all is become unto you as the words of a book that is sealed, which men deliver to one that is learned, saying, Read this, I pray thee: and he saith, I cannot; for it is sealed:

Original Language Analysis

וַתְּהִ֨י H1961
וַתְּהִ֨י
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 1 of 23
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
לָכֶ֜ם H0
לָכֶ֜ם
Strong's: H0
Word #: 2 of 23
חָז֣וּת And the vision H2380
חָז֣וּת And the vision
Strong's: H2380
Word #: 3 of 23
a look; hence (figuratively) striking appearance, revelation, or (by implication) compact
הַכֹּ֗ל H3605
הַכֹּ֗ל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 4 of 23
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
כְּדִבְרֵי֮ of all is become unto you as the words H1697
כְּדִבְרֵי֮ of all is become unto you as the words
Strong's: H1697
Word #: 5 of 23
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
הסֵ֛פֶר of a book H5612
הסֵ֛פֶר of a book
Strong's: H5612
Word #: 6 of 23
properly, writing (the art or a document); by implication, a book
חָת֖וּם for it is sealed H2856
חָת֖וּם for it is sealed
Strong's: H2856
Word #: 7 of 23
to close up; especially to seal
אֲשֶֽׁר H834
אֲשֶֽׁר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 8 of 23
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
יִתְּנ֣וּ which men deliver H5414
יִתְּנ֣וּ which men deliver
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 9 of 23
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
אֹת֗וֹ H853
אֹת֗וֹ
Strong's: H853
Word #: 10 of 23
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 11 of 23
near, with or among; often in general, to
יוֹדֵ֥עַ to one that is learned H3045
יוֹדֵ֥עַ to one that is learned
Strong's: H3045
Word #: 12 of 23
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
הסֵ֛פֶר of a book H5612
הסֵ֛פֶר of a book
Strong's: H5612
Word #: 13 of 23
properly, writing (the art or a document); by implication, a book
וְאָמַר֙ saying H559
וְאָמַר֙ saying
Strong's: H559
Word #: 14 of 23
to say (used with great latitude)
קְרָ֣א Read H7121
קְרָ֣א Read
Strong's: H7121
Word #: 15 of 23
to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
נָא H4994
נָא
Strong's: H4994
Word #: 16 of 23
'i pray', 'now', or 'then'; added mostly to verbs (in the imperative or future), or to interjections, occasionally to an adverb or conjunction
זֶ֑ה H2088
זֶ֑ה
Strong's: H2088
Word #: 17 of 23
the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that
וְאָמַר֙ saying H559
וְאָמַר֙ saying
Strong's: H559
Word #: 18 of 23
to say (used with great latitude)
לֹ֣א H3808
לֹ֣א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 19 of 23
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
אוּכַ֔ל I cannot H3201
אוּכַ֔ל I cannot
Strong's: H3201
Word #: 20 of 23
to be able, literally (can, could) or morally (may, might)
כִּ֥י H3588
כִּ֥י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 21 of 23
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
חָת֖וּם for it is sealed H2856
חָת֖וּם for it is sealed
Strong's: H2856
Word #: 22 of 23
to close up; especially to seal
הֽוּא׃ H1931
הֽוּא׃
Strong's: H1931
Word #: 23 of 23
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

Analysis & Commentary

And the vision of all is become unto you as the words of a book that is sealed (וַתְּהִי לָכֶם חָזוּת הַכֹּל כְּדִבְרֵי הַסֵּפֶר הֶחָתוּם, vatehi lakhem chazut hakol kedivrey hasefer hechatom)—all prophetic חָזוּת (chazut, vision) becomes like a sealed סֵפֶר (sefer, scroll/book). The verb חתם (chatam) means to seal, make inaccessible. Which men deliver to one that is learned, saying, Read this, I pray thee: and he saith, I cannot; for it is sealed—even the literate, the יוֹדֵעַ סֵפֶר (yodea sefer, one knowing books), cannot access it.

Isaiah illustrates comprehensive spiritual illiteracy. Not ignorance—the scroll exists, the learned person can read—but imposed inaccessibility. God's revelation is present but sealed, tantalizingly close yet unreachable. This is more frustrating than simple absence; it's revelation rendered useless by divine judgment. The tragedy: not lack of Scripture, but inability to comprehend it despite possessing it. Jesus quoted verse 13 when confronting Pharisees who studied Scripture yet missed its Author (Matthew 15:8-9).

Historical Context

Ancient scrolls were sealed with wax or clay impressions bearing a signet ring (Daniel 12:4, Revelation 5:1). Breaking the seal required authority. Isaiah's metaphor: even with revelation physically present, spiritual blindness makes it as inaccessible as a sealed document. First-century Judaism possessed Scripture yet predominantly rejected Jesus, the Word made flesh.

Questions for Reflection

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