Isaiah 19:11

Authorized King James Version

PDF

Surely the princes of Zoan are fools, the counsel of the wise counsellors of Pharaoh is become brutish: how say ye unto Pharaoh, I am the son of the wise, the son of ancient kings?

Original Language Analysis

אַךְ H389
אַךְ
Strong's: H389
Word #: 1 of 19
a particle of affirmation, surely; hence (by limitation) only
אֱוִלִים֙ H196
אֱוִלִים֙
Strong's: H196
Word #: 2 of 19
silly, foolish; hence (morally) impious
שָׂ֣רֵי Surely the princes H8269
שָׂ֣רֵי Surely the princes
Strong's: H8269
Word #: 3 of 19
a head person (of any rank or class)
צֹ֔עַן of Zoan H6814
צֹ֔עַן of Zoan
Strong's: H6814
Word #: 4 of 19
tson, a place in egypt
חֲכָמִ֥ים of the wise H2450
חֲכָמִ֥ים of the wise
Strong's: H2450
Word #: 5 of 19
wise, (i.e., intelligent, skilful or artful)
עֵצָ֖ה the counsel H6098
עֵצָ֖ה the counsel
Strong's: H6098
Word #: 6 of 19
advice; by implication, plan; also prudence
פַּרְעֹ֔ה of Pharaoh H6547
פַּרְעֹ֔ה of Pharaoh
Strong's: H6547
Word #: 7 of 19
paroh, a general title of egyptian kings
עֵצָ֖ה the counsel H6098
עֵצָ֖ה the counsel
Strong's: H6098
Word #: 8 of 19
advice; by implication, plan; also prudence
נִבְעָרָ֑ה is become brutish H1197
נִבְעָרָ֑ה is become brutish
Strong's: H1197
Word #: 9 of 19
to be(-come) brutish
אֵ֚יךְ H349
אֵ֚יךְ
Strong's: H349
Word #: 10 of 19
how? or how!; also where
תֹּאמְר֣וּ how say H559
תֹּאמְר֣וּ how say
Strong's: H559
Word #: 11 of 19
to say (used with great latitude)
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 12 of 19
near, with or among; often in general, to
פַּרְעֹ֔ה of Pharaoh H6547
פַּרְעֹ֔ה of Pharaoh
Strong's: H6547
Word #: 13 of 19
paroh, a general title of egyptian kings
בֶּן I am the son H1121
בֶּן I am the son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 14 of 19
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
חֲכָמִ֥ים of the wise H2450
חֲכָמִ֥ים of the wise
Strong's: H2450
Word #: 15 of 19
wise, (i.e., intelligent, skilful or artful)
אֲנִ֖י H589
אֲנִ֖י
Strong's: H589
Word #: 16 of 19
i
בֶּן I am the son H1121
בֶּן I am the son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 17 of 19
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
מַלְכֵי kings H4428
מַלְכֵי kings
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 18 of 19
a king
קֶֽדֶם׃ of ancient H6924
קֶֽדֶם׃ of ancient
Strong's: H6924
Word #: 19 of 19
the front, of place (absolutely, the fore part, relatively the east) or time (antiquity); often used adverbially (before, anciently, eastward)

Analysis & Commentary

'Surely the princes of Zoan are fools, the counsel of the wise counsellors of Pharaoh is become brutish: how say ye unto Pharaoh, I am the son of the wise, the son of ancient kings?' Egypt's vaunted wisdom fails. Zoan (Tanis) was a major Delta city and royal residence. Its 'princes' (sarim—officials, nobles) are 'fools' (evilim—stupid, foolish), and Pharaoh's counselors are 'brutish' (baar—senseless like animals). Their proud claims to ancient wisdom and royal lineage prove empty when unable to solve national crises. This mocks Egyptian pretensions—civilization priding itself on wisdom, scribal education, and ancient knowledge is exposed as foolish when confronted with divine judgment. True wisdom begins with fearing the LORD (Proverbs 9:10); apart from this foundation, even sophisticated knowledge is folly. Reformed epistemology emphasizes all true knowledge depends on right relationship with God as Creator and source of truth.

Historical Context

Egypt boasted the ancient world's most developed educational system, producing scribes, priests, and administrators trained in extensive literary traditions. Wisdom literature like 'The Instruction of Amenemope' influenced biblical wisdom literature. Royal counselors formed a professional class claiming descent from ancient sages. Yet despite this sophisticated intellectual culture, Egyptian policy repeatedly failed during Isaiah's period—failed alliances, military defeats, internal chaos. All their wisdom couldn't prevent decline. This validated the biblical critique: worldly wisdom divorced from God is foolishness (1 Corinthians 1:18-25). History shows impressive secular wisdom traditions ultimately failing without the fear of the LORD as foundation.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

People