Isaiah 15:4

Authorized King James Version

PDF

And Heshbon shall cry, and Elealeh: their voice shall be heard even unto Jahaz: therefore the armed soldiers of Moab shall cry out; his life shall be grievous unto him.

Original Language Analysis

וַתִּזְעַ֤ק shall cry H2199
וַתִּזְעַ֤ק shall cry
Strong's: H2199
Word #: 1 of 15
to shriek (from anguish or danger); by analogy, (as a herald) to announce or convene publicly
חֶשְׁבּוֹן֙ And Heshbon H2809
חֶשְׁבּוֹן֙ And Heshbon
Strong's: H2809
Word #: 2 of 15
cheshbon, a place east of the jordan
וְאֶלְעָלֵ֔ה and Elealeh H500
וְאֶלְעָלֵ֔ה and Elealeh
Strong's: H500
Word #: 3 of 15
elale or elaleh, a place east of the jordan
עַד H5704
עַד
Strong's: H5704
Word #: 4 of 15
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
יַ֖הַץ even unto Jahaz H3096
יַ֖הַץ even unto Jahaz
Strong's: H3096
Word #: 5 of 15
jahats or jahtsah, a place east of the jordan
נִשְׁמַ֣ע shall be heard H8085
נִשְׁמַ֣ע shall be heard
Strong's: H8085
Word #: 6 of 15
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
קוֹלָ֑ם their voice H6963
קוֹלָ֑ם their voice
Strong's: H6963
Word #: 7 of 15
a voice or sound
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 8 of 15
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
כֵּ֗ן H3651
כֵּ֗ן
Strong's: H3651
Word #: 9 of 15
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner
חֲלֻצֵ֤י therefore the armed soldiers H2502
חֲלֻצֵ֤י therefore the armed soldiers
Strong's: H2502
Word #: 10 of 15
to pull off; hence (intensively) to strip, (reflexive) to depart; by implication, to deliver, equip (for fight); present, strengthen
מוֹאָב֙ of Moab H4124
מוֹאָב֙ of Moab
Strong's: H4124
Word #: 11 of 15
moab, an incestuous son of lot; also his territory and descendants
יָרִ֔יעוּ shall cry out H7321
יָרִ֔יעוּ shall cry out
Strong's: H7321
Word #: 12 of 15
to mar (especially by breaking); figuratively, to split the ears (with sound), i.e., shout (for alarm or joy)
נַפְשׁ֖וֹ his life H5315
נַפְשׁ֖וֹ his life
Strong's: H5315
Word #: 13 of 15
properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment
יָ֥רְעָה shall be grievous H3415
יָ֥רְעָה shall be grievous
Strong's: H3415
Word #: 14 of 15
properly, to be broken up (with any violent action) i.e., (figuratively) to fear
לּֽוֹ׃ H0
לּֽוֹ׃
Strong's: H0
Word #: 15 of 15

Analysis & Commentary

Heshbon and Elealeh's cry reaching to Jahaz (about 20 miles) indicates either extraordinarily loud lamentation or the spread of calamity across the region. The armed soldiers crying aloud reverses expected military bravado—warriors reduced to weeping reveals total devastation. The phrase "his life shall be grievous unto him" (literally "his soul trembles within him") describes existential anguish, not mere physical suffering. This depicts the psychological trauma of military defeat and national collapse. The breakdown of military strength demonstrates that earthly power provides no ultimate security. Reformed theology emphasizes that only covenant relationship with the sovereign God provides true refuge; all other securities are illusions destined to fail under divine judgment.

Historical Context

Heshbon, originally an Amorite capital conquered by Israel (Numbers 21:25-26), became a border city between Israel and Moab. Elealeh and Jahaz were sites of Israel-Moab conflicts. The cities' agricultural wealth (vineyards and summer fruits mentioned in verses 8-9) made them strategic targets. Assyrian military campaigns typically combined psychological warfare (terror) with systematic destruction of economic infrastructure. The reduction of soldiers to tears would have been particularly shameful in ancient warrior cultures that prized stoic courage.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

People