Hosea 9:10

Authorized King James Version

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I found Israel like grapes in the wilderness; I saw your fathers as the firstripe in the fig tree at her first time: but they went to Baal-peor, and separated themselves unto that shame; and their abominations were according as they loved.

Original Language Analysis

כַּעֲנָבִ֣ים like grapes H6025
כַּעֲנָבִ֣ים like grapes
Strong's: H6025
Word #: 1 of 18
a grape
בַּמִּדְבָּ֗ר in the wilderness H4057
בַּמִּדְבָּ֗ר in the wilderness
Strong's: H4057
Word #: 2 of 18
a pasture (i.e., open field, whither cattle are driven); by implication, a desert
מָצָ֙אתִי֙ I found H4672
מָצָ֙אתִי֙ I found
Strong's: H4672
Word #: 3 of 18
properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל Israel H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 4 of 18
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
כְּבִכּוּרָ֤ה as the firstripe H1063
כְּבִכּוּרָ֤ה as the firstripe
Strong's: H1063
Word #: 5 of 18
the early fig
בִתְאֵנָה֙ in the fig tree H8384
בִתְאֵנָה֙ in the fig tree
Strong's: H8384
Word #: 6 of 18
the fig (tree or fruit)
בְּרֵ֣אשִׁיתָ֔הּ at her first time H7225
בְּרֵ֣אשִׁיתָ֔הּ at her first time
Strong's: H7225
Word #: 7 of 18
the first, in place, time, order or rank (specifically, a firstfruit)
רָאִ֖יתִי I saw H7200
רָאִ֖יתִי I saw
Strong's: H7200
Word #: 8 of 18
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
אֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶ֑ם your fathers H1
אֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶ֑ם your fathers
Strong's: H1
Word #: 9 of 18
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
הֵ֜מָּה H1992
הֵ֜מָּה
Strong's: H1992
Word #: 10 of 18
they (only used when emphatic)
בָּ֣אוּ but they went H935
בָּ֣אוּ but they went
Strong's: H935
Word #: 11 of 18
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
בַֽעַל H0
בַֽעַל
Strong's: H0
Word #: 12 of 18
פְּע֗וֹר to Baalpeor H1187
פְּע֗וֹר to Baalpeor
Strong's: H1187
Word #: 13 of 18
baal-peor, a moabitish deity
וַיִּנָּֽזְרוּ֙ and separated H5144
וַיִּנָּֽזְרוּ֙ and separated
Strong's: H5144
Word #: 14 of 18
to hold aloof, i.e., (intransitivey) abstain (from food and drink, from impurity, and even from divine worship (i.e., apostatize)); specifically, to s
לַבֹּ֔שֶׁת themselves unto that shame H1322
לַבֹּ֔שֶׁת themselves unto that shame
Strong's: H1322
Word #: 15 of 18
shame (the feeling and the condition, as well as its cause); by implication (specifically) an idol
וַיִּהְי֥וּ H1961
וַיִּהְי֥וּ
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 16 of 18
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
שִׁקּוּצִ֖ים and their abominations H8251
שִׁקּוּצִ֖ים and their abominations
Strong's: H8251
Word #: 17 of 18
disgusting, i.e., filthy; especially idolatrous or (concretely) an idol
כְּאָהֳבָֽם׃ were according as they loved H157
כְּאָהֳבָֽם׃ were according as they loved
Strong's: H157
Word #: 18 of 18
to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)

Analysis & Commentary

God's nostalgic lament: 'I found Israel like grapes in the wilderness; I saw your fathers as the firstripe in the fig tree at her first time: but they went to Baalpeor, and separated themselves unto that shame; and their abominations were according as they loved.' The imagery recalls election's early joy: finding grapes in desert (unexpected delight) and first-ripe figs (choice fruit, highly prized). Israel's wilderness generation showed promise. But 'they went to Baalpeor' (Numbers 25:1-9), where they engaged in sexual immorality and idolatry with Moabite women, provoking plague that killed 24,000. 'Separated themselves unto that shame' (yinnazeru la-boshet)—consecrating themselves to shameful idols instead of YHWH. This pattern persisted: early promise followed by apostasy. The tragic trajectory: chosen for glory, descending into shame through idolatry.

Historical Context

The Baalpeor incident (Numbers 25, circa 1406 BC) occurred just before entering Canaan. Balaam's failed curses (Numbers 22-24) couldn't stop Israel, but he apparently counseled Moab to seduce them into idolatry (Numbers 31:16, Revelation 2:14). Sexual immorality and idol worship intertwined—Baal worship incorporated cult prostitution. God's jealous response (plague) demonstrated that covenant unfaithfulness provokes severe judgment. Hosea uses this historical example to indict contemporary Israel: they've repeated the Baalpeor pattern throughout their history. Psalm 106:28-29 also recalls this shameful episode. The warning applies: those who begin well can fall into shameful apostasy if they don't guard their hearts. Paul warns: 'let him that thinketh he standeth take heed lest he fall' (1 Corinthians 10:12).

Questions for Reflection