Genesis 46:18

Authorized King James Version

These are the sons of Zilpah, whom Laban gave to Leah his daughter, and these she bare unto Jacob, even sixteen souls.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
אֵ֚לֶּה
these or those
#2
בְּנֵ֣י
These are the sons
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#3
זִלְפָּ֔ה
of Zilpah
zilpah, leah's maid
#4
אֲשֶׁר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#5
נָתַ֥ן
gave
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#6
לָבָ֖ן
whom Laban
laban, a place in the desert
#7
לְלֵאָ֣ה
to Leah
leah, a wife of jacob
#8
בִתּ֑וֹ
his daughter
a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
#9
וַתֵּ֤לֶד
and these she bare
to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage
#10
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#11
אֵ֙לֶּה֙
these or those
#12
לְיַֽעֲקֹ֔ב
unto Jacob
jaakob, the israelitish patriarch
#13
שֵׁ֥שׁ
six (as an overplus beyond five or the fingers of the hand); as ordinal, sixth
#14
עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה
even sixteen
ten (only in combination), i.e., -teen; also (ordinal) -teenth
#15
נָֽפֶשׁ׃
souls
properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment

Analysis

The creation and providence theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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