Genesis 44:17

Authorized King James Version

And he said, God forbid that I should do so: but the man in whose hand the cup is found, he shall be my servant; and as for you, get you up in peace unto your father.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֹּ֕אמֶר
And he said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
חָלִ֣ילָה
God forbid
literal for a profaned thing; used (interj.) far be it!
#3
לִּ֔י
H0
#4
מֵֽעֲשׂ֖וֹת
that I should do
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
#5
זֹ֑את
so
this (often used adverb)
#6
הָאִ֡ישׁ
but the man
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
#7
אֲשֶׁר֩
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#8
נִמְצָ֨א
is found
properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present
#9
הַגָּבִ֜יעַ
the cup
a goblet; by analogy, the calyx of a flower
#10
בְּיָד֗וֹ
in whose hand
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
#11
ה֚וּא
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
#12
יִֽהְיֶה
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#13
לִּ֣י
H0
#14
עָ֔בֶד
he shall be my servant
a servant
#15
וְאַתֶּ֕ם
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
#16
עֲל֥וּ
and as for you get you up
to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
#17
לְשָׁל֖וֹם
in peace
safe, i.e., (figuratively) well, happy, friendly; also (abstractly) welfare, i.e., health, prosperity, peace
#18
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#19
אֲבִיכֶֽם׃
H1
unto your father
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application

Analysis

This verse develops the creation and providence theme central to Genesis. The concept of peace reflects God's absolute sovereignty over all existence. The divine name or title here functions within foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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