Genesis 44:12

Authorized King James Version

And he searched, and began at the eldest, and left at the youngest: and the cup was found in Benjamin's sack.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיְחַפֵּ֕שׂ
And he searched
to seek; causatively, to conceal oneself (i.e., let be sought), or mask
#2
בַּגָּד֣וֹל
at the eldest
great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent
#3
הֵחֵ֔ל
and began
properly, to bore, i.e., (by implication) to wound, to dissolve; figuratively, to profane (a person, place or thing), to break (one's word), to begin
#4
וּבַקָּטֹ֖ן
at the youngest
abbreviated, i.e., diminutive, literally (in quantity, size or number) or figuratively (in age or importance)
#5
כִּלָּ֑ה
and left
to end, whether intransitive (to cease, be finished, perish) or transitive (to complete, prepare, consume)
#6
וַיִּמָּצֵא֙
was found
properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present
#7
הַגָּבִ֔יעַ
and the cup
a goblet; by analogy, the calyx of a flower
#8
בְּאַמְתַּ֖חַת
sack
properly, something expansive, i.e., a bag
#9
בִּנְיָמִֽן׃
in Benjamin's
binjamin, youngest son of jacob; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory

Analysis

Within the broader context of Genesis, this passage highlights creation and providence through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Genesis.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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