Genesis 43:3

Authorized King James Version

And Judah spake unto him, saying, The man did solemnly protest unto us, saying, Ye shall not see my face, except your brother be with you.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
לֵאמֹר֙
spake
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
אֵלָ֛יו
near, with or among; often in general, to
#3
יְהוּדָ֖ה
And Judah
jehudah (or judah), the name of five israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory
#4
לֵאמֹר֙
spake
to say (used with great latitude)
#5
הֵעִד֩
did solemnly
to duplicate or repeat; by implication, to protest, testify (as by reiteration); intensively, to encompass, restore (as a sort of reduplication)
#6
הֵעִד֩
did solemnly
to duplicate or repeat; by implication, to protest, testify (as by reiteration); intensively, to encompass, restore (as a sort of reduplication)
#7
בָּ֨נוּ
H0
#8
הָאִ֤ישׁ
The man
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
#9
לֵאמֹר֙
spake
to say (used with great latitude)
#10
לֹֽא
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#11
תִרְא֣וּ
Ye shall not see
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
#12
פָנַ֔י
my face
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#13
בִּלְתִּ֖י
except
properly, a failure of, i.e., (used only as a negative particle, usually with a prepositional prefix) not, except, without, unless, besides, because n
#14
אֲחִיכֶ֥ם
your brother
a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance [like h0001])
#15
אִתְּכֶֽם׃
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc

Analysis

Within the broader context of Genesis, this passage highlights creation and providence through universal language and absolute statements. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Genesis.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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