Genesis 42:33

Authorized King James Version

And the man, the lord of the country, said unto us, Hereby shall I know that ye are true men; leave one of your brethren here with me, and take food for the famine of your households, and be gone:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר
said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
אֵלֵ֗ינוּ
near, with or among; often in general, to
#3
הָאִישׁ֙
And the man
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
#4
אֲדֹנֵ֣י
the lord
sovereign, i.e., controller (human or divine)
#5
הָאָ֔רֶץ
of the country
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#6
בְּזֹ֣את
this (often used adverb)
#7
אֵדַ֔ע
unto us Hereby shall I know
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
#8
כִּ֥י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#9
כֵנִ֖ים
that ye are true
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner
#10
אַתֶּ֑ם
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
#11
אֲחִיכֶ֤ם
of your brethren
a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance [like h0001])
#12
הָֽאֶחָד֙
one
properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first
#13
הַנִּ֣יחוּ
men leave
to deposit; by implication, to allow to stay
#14
אִתִּ֔י
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
#15
וְאֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#16
רַֽעֲב֥וֹן
food for the famine
famine
#17
בָּֽתֵּיכֶ֖ם
of your households
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
#18
קְח֥וּ
here with me and take
to take (in the widest variety of applications)
#19
וָלֵֽכוּ׃
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

Analysis

The creation and providence theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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