Genesis 42:3

Authorized King James Version

And Joseph's ten brethren went down to buy corn in Egypt.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֵּֽרְד֥וּ
went down
to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); cau
#2
אֲחֵֽי
brethren
a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance [like h0001])
#3
יוֹסֵ֖ף
And Joseph's
joseph, the name of seven israelites
#4
עֲשָׂרָ֑ה
ten
ten (as an accumulation to the extent of the digits)
#5
לִשְׁבֹּ֥ר
to buy
to deal in grain
#6
בָּ֖ר
corn
grain of any kind (even while standing in the field); by extension the open country
#7
מִמִּצְרָֽיִם׃
in Egypt
mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt

Analysis

This verse develops the creation and providence theme central to Genesis. The concept of divine revelation reflects God's absolute sovereignty over all existence. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the patriarchal period (c. 2000-1500 BCE) and primeval history provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The ancient Near Eastern world with its creation myths, flood narratives, and patriarchal social structures provided the cultural backdrop against which God's revelation stands in stark contrast. The ancient Near Eastern cosmology and patriarchal society would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Ancient Near Eastern creation texts like Enuma Elish provide comparative context for understanding Genesis's unique theological perspective.

Questions for Reflection

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